Quality management methods: main groups and their characteristics
Methods of quality management - methods and methods,with which the relevant authorities can influence the company and the elements of the production process in order to achieve the best effect. They can be classified for different reasons: social, economic, statistical, socio-psychological, organizational and so on. Let's consider in more detail the main groups.
Economic methods of quality management include the creation of special conditions thatwill encourage employees, staff, departments to constantly raise their level. The allocation of this group was associated with the development of the modern market. This, in turn, required broad and compulsory application of economic methods in quality management, which include:
- financing of this activity;
- cost accounting in all divisions that are part of the quality management system;
- the existence of economic incentives for production, material encouragement and remuneration of employees;
- Pricing for services and products, taking into account their quality level;
- the application of special measures when influencing suppliers;
- mandatory business planning in the creation of modernized and new types of services and products.
Organizational and administrative methods of quality management will be implemented through mandatoryexecutive orders, directives and instructions that come from management. In addition, it is permissible to have other regulations that are aimed at ensuring and improving the optimal level of quality. This is about:
- regulation (functional, official, structural);
- standardization;
- rationing;
- instruction (explanation, explanation);
- administrative influence (on the basis of decisions, orders, instructions, orders, etc.).
Socio-psychological methods of quality management are aimed at influencing the course of various processes that exist in any work collective. In this context, these methods include:
- mandatory moral incentives for high-quality work;
- techniques and ways to improve in any team of socio-psychological climate (it is about eliminating conflicts, selecting and ensuring compatibility in a group of employees);
- presence of the account of individually-psychological features of members of the organization;
- obligatory formation of motivation of labor of the personnel directed on reaching the required quality;
- the development and preservation of traditions in the enterprise in order to ensure the required quality;
- ways and techniques of activating self-discipline, initiative, responsibility and creativity of everyone in the team.
Statistical methods of quality management unite a large group of ways thatare connected with the analysis, processing of a large number of quantitative results and data. It's about the histogram, stratification (stratification), the Pareto diagram, the scatter diagram (or spread), and the control charts. In addition, they also include individual and specific tools that are used to work with non-numerical, special information. To do this, use cause-effect diagrams that systematize, summarize the available logical results and translate them into a numerical form.
The most popular way in this group is a flowchart - a graphical representation of the sequence in the execution of the main and additional stages of any process.
Therefore, at present very well-formed, justified and developed quality management systems in organizations of any profile.
