Modern concepts of education and their role in the formation of personality
Education is a deliberate developmentman as a unique individuality. It ensures the improvement of its creative and moral forces by building such a social practice and creating such conditions that those qualities that the child has in the initial stage developed and improved.
Modern Theories of upbringing are usuallysynthesis of natural-science, psychological and philosophical theories. The most famous of them are behaviorism, neo-Thomism, neopositivism and pragmatism. A common feature of these theories can be considered their humanistic orientation, as well as the focus on the upbringing of a self-developing, free personality.
Modern concepts of education - this is a realistic model, anthropocentric model, free education, as well as others, including: humanistic, technocratic.
In education, the main concept is a realistic model. Pupil transfer experience and knowledge, given his age opportunities - that is, in a form in which he can master them immediately.
On the idea of a person as a whole systeman anthropocentric model is based. This system is open, it is constantly changing and updated as a result of what interacts with the outside world. By any norms the process of upbringing is not limited, so it does not end.
Forms interests and life principles free education. Such a model pursues the goal of educating a free person who is responsible for his life, the choice of values and principles.
Modern concepts of upbringing includeseveral main theories - their founders are the famous psychologists and philosophers. This is the psychoanalytic theory of A. Gesell, C. Freud; cognitive theory J. Piaget, D. Dewey; behavioral (behaviourist) theory of B. Skinner, D. Locke, D. Watson; Humanistic psychology A. Maslow, C. Rogers.
Despite the fact that the approaches in them are different,modern concepts of education are built on general patterns: education occurs in close relationship with learning, however, plays a major role; the effectiveness of education depends on the activity of the person being educated and how it is included in the process; its results are also determined by the connection of all the structural elements that make up this process: goals and methods, as well as forms that are understood by both the educator and the child.
The main technologies of upbringing includeverbal, visual and practical methods. There are several main areas of modern concepts of personality education: restoring the importance of the state in the upbringing of a new generation; expansion of the role of the public, educational institutions, social institutions; the restoration of the correspondence between the content of upbringing and the needs of the person who is being educated, states and societies; an increase in the role of educational activity in the formation of new life standards for young people. The modern concepts of education are aimed, first of all, at forming in the child a cultural personality.
Many social institutions still useobsolete models of education. This system is trying to improve the state, so that the younger generation has the opportunity to acquire skills and knowledge using the latest technologies in accordance with the requirements of modern society. An important factor for the effectiveness of education is the teacher's personality, namely: the high level of his general and pedagogical culture, the components of which are general erudition and broad outlook, professional competence, pedagogical skills, organizational and organizational qualities.
