Orthognathic bite: signs, characteristics

The correct arrangement of teeth is not onlya pledge of health, but also a beautiful smile. The smoother your teeth, the more aesthetic it looks. But at the present time it is really extremely rare to find the right bite. Increasingly, parents bring their children with a problem of non-closure of teeth and other dental flaws. How to determine the right bite and what deviations happen, we learn from this article.

Bite is what?

According to medical terminology, bite isthe location of the teeth that fit tightly together. Still there is such a thing as occlusion. Dentists, as a rule, apply it as a designation of the type of teeth clamping. It happens that the dentition can be different. There are three main groups of bites:

• constant;
• physiological;
• pathological.

Any of the species can be determined only when the teeth are already fully formed. Typically, this occurs at the age of twelve to fifteen years.

The concept of "orthodontics"

Many people are surprised when they meet with suchan interesting concept, like orthodontics in dentistry. What it is? So called the medical direction, which is designed to correct congenital malocclusion anomalies. If the teeth from the birth are far from each other, if they grow crookedly, if the child has a wrong bite, all of these aesthetic problems are solved by the orthodontist. It is very important not to confuse orthodontics with orthopedics. In the first case, the specialist removes the defects obtained at birth, and in the second person the pathology acquires during life.

For a couple of millennia of its existenceorthodontics has become the most in demand in dentistry. To correct the "smile" special bracket systems are used, they are made of strong materials. Locks are attached to the teeth with the help of a specialized glue, and the whole system "prompts" the organs to stand up properly relative to each other. Depending on the complexity of the initial condition, therapy can take from four months to 1.5 years. We hope that you have understood what task orthodontics in dentistry is solving, what it is and what results can be expected. We go further.

What are the abnormalities of malocclusion?

The bite pathology, as a rule, is notcongenital defects, because the location of the teeth is formed for a very long time. There are several main stages during which the appearance of the occlusion is modified:

• newborn;
• temporary;
• formed temporary;
• mixed;
• constant.

Breaking the growth of bones in all these periods can lead to an abnormality of the bite. In different cases, this manifests itself in different ways. The most basic pathologies are as follows:

• Progenic bite;
• medial;
• cross;
• Dystopia.

If the dislocation of the teeth is due tooverly developed upper jaw, it is a progenic bite. The medial arises when the lower jaw comes forward very strongly. The correct option of the location of the teeth is an orthognathic bite.

Types of proper bite

How it is impossible to meet the same people, soyou will not find identical casts of teeth. Even their correct arrangement still has some varieties, differing in character, and also the appearance of the closure. The standard of beauty is considered orthognathic bite. Next, discuss what it is.

If an orthodontist says that a personorthognathic bite, its characteristic will be as follows: the upper row slightly covers the lower, and the front teeth of the upper jaw cover a third of the coronal lower incisors.

There is still such a thing as the direct arrangement of the dentition. As well as orthognathic, this bite is correct. In this case, the teeth do not close each other, but simply tightly close.

Progenic bite is a fine line betweenanomalous and normal location. At its owners the upper jaw, as a rule, is advanced forward, nevertheless dense closing of a teeth gives the chance to carry it to a physiological type.

Signs of a correct occlusion in adults

Probably, every person thought about the questionabout what should be the right bite. Firstly, it's beautiful, and secondly, the health of the dentition depends on it (and not only). Therefore now we will study signs of an orthognathic occlusion.

Diagnose it according to the following data:

• When the jaws are closed, the anterior tuber at the top comes into the lower one.
• The distance of overlapping of the incisors at the top with the lower ones should correspond to 2-3 mm.
• Teeth should not be deployed along the axis, with the correct location they are at a slight angle in the anteroposterior direction.

Signs of a proper bite in children

Orthognathic bite of teeth in children is determined somewhat differently:

• If the jaw is at rest, there should be a small space between the rows (2 to 3 mm).
• 1/3 - this should be the level of overlapping the lower row with the top.
• The upper arc is similar to a half-ellipse, and the lower one must form a parabola.
• Teeth from above and from below should be completely symmetrical.
• The average vertical line drawn between the incisors of the upper and lower jaws must coincide.
• Each tooth should have two antagonists, this applies to both the upper and lower rows.

All these signs of orthognathic occlusion in a child can be detected up to 12 years, but if you notice any deviations from the standard, you should immediately contact the orthodontist for help.

Than these pathologies are dangerous?

Virtually all bite anomalies always involvea lot of health problems. First of all, the digestive tract suffers, because the food can not chew well. It is especially dangerous in this case to have an open appearance of pathology, since the chewing function is almost absent. Among other things, such violations can lead to diseases of the teeth themselves, as the load on them is uneven, as a result, at the age of 30-40 years can begin periodontal disease.

In addition to all of the above, due to pathologythe location of the teeth develops the disease of the joints of the temple. After that, the person is most likely to suffer headaches, in addition, there will be some sound of a click during the opening of the mouth. With some types of anomalies, soft tissues of the mouth may be injured.

Also do not forget about aesthetics, becausefor any violations of bite, the profile of the face first of all suffers, the curvature of the dentition is revealed. With the front type, speech is generally difficult. And, for example, in the progenic type, breathing becomes more complicated, and surgical intervention is already necessary here.

What you need to know for future mothers

Since pathological disorders sometimes occureven in the period of fetal development, future mothers need to pay special attention to such an issue as the level of calcium in the body. Most of all minerals to the child are required, starting from the 20th week: at this time, teeth begin to form. After birth, it is very important to properly apply to the breast and feed the baby. When a crumb is just born, its lower jaw is usually slightly smaller than the top, but after a while everything is leveled. In this case, the development of facial muscles plays an important role. If you have identified a pathology, you should immediately consult a doctor. Modern possibilities of orthodontic therapy will help you to quickly solve the above-described problems without harm to health. Do not postpone this issue for later, since later it will be more difficult to get rid of the disease. If you notice a child's curvature of the teeth, immediately go to the orthodontist and put braces: at an early age, this disease is easier to treat.