Flag of Bashkortostan. Flag and coat of arms of Bashkortostan (photo)

In 1744 Bashkiria became a part of the Orenburgprovince. Before that, it had been part of Russia for almost two hundred years. A lot had to be experienced by the people of this republic. Together with the authorities, the flag of Bashkortostan also changed.

Changes in the design of the coat of arms of the Ufa province and the province in the period up to 1917

The coat of arms, representing the Ufa province, hadnext view. The field is divided into two halves by a horizontal line, below it there is a marten, which somewhere is rushing headlong. This variant of the coat of arms could be found as an element of the geographical maps of that time.

Orenburg and Ufa regions in February 1781the year was united, and the territory was henceforth called the Ufa viceroyalty. The following year, Ufa acquired a coat of arms. The main character of the city and vicegerency was marten, which rushes along the green surface. And all this against the background of a silver field. The flag and coat of arms of Bashkortostan were fulfilled in the refined traditions of this people.

According to historical documents, from March 1797Until May 1865, on the site of the Ufa province, Orenburg province existed, from which, starting from that date, the Ufa province was separated separately.

Approval of the coat of arms

Special legislative act number58684, published in July 1878, approved the arms of the province, which had the following appearance. In the center is a silver shield, which is surrounded on both sides (bottom, left and right) by two branches of oak with golden leaves. The branches are entwined with St. Andrew's ribbon, the ends of which were closed on the crown of the Emperor, located on top of the shield. Inside, in the background of the shield there was an image of a racing azure marten.

The symbolism of the Ufa province, approved by the tsarregime, liquidated the Bolsheviks, who came to power as a result of the October Revolution of 1917. The new Russia has become a federal country. Consequently, the representative body of local government, called the Bashkir Central Council (or Shuro), convened at the end of November 1917 in Orenburg, proclaimed Bashkiria an autonomy, as a territorially-national unit of socialist Russia. This decision was supported by the Bolshevik government in Moscow. At that time, the coat of arms and the flag of Bashkortostan were slightly changed. Photos in the archive can be found by anyone who is interested in state symbols.

The coat of arms of Bashkiria, approved by the Soviet authorities

At the initial stage of the Civil War, localBashkir authorities, who believed in Kolchak's allegedly good intentions, soon became disillusioned with the White Guard movement. Secondly, the signing of an agreement between the central and local government on the autonomous status of Bashkiria was held in March 1919. Thus, three days after this historic event, the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) appeared on the map of Russia.

In six years the young republic approvedown coat of arms, the design of which was practically the same as that of the older Russian brother, except for the text of the inscriptions made in the native language. Apparently, this version of the symbolism did not reflect the identity of the Bashkir people, because an attempt was soon made to place a rider on the coat of arms, holding the banner in his hands. Unfortunately, this option was not liked by the central authorities. The flag of Bashkortostan remained unchanged - three colors were used: blue, white and green.

Historical references

In June 1937, the 10th Congress of Soviets was convened,one of the significant decisions of which was the adoption of the Constitution of the Bashkir ASSR. Two articles of the basic law, 111 and 112, are devoted to the republican symbolism. The flag and coat of arms of Bashkortostan were discussed for a long time and assiduously.

In fact, throughout the entire history of Soviet history, designThe coat of arms of the Bashkir ASSR has not changed. The only insignificant addition appeared from early June 1978, ie. after an extraordinary eighth session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of the ninth convocation. In the new Constitution, the arms and flags have already been dealt with in articles 157 and 158, respectively. From that day on, a small red star appeared at the top of the coat of arms. The flag of the Republic of Bashkortostan began to look a little different.

Work on the image of the emblem of modern Bashkiria

The consequence of the restructuring undertaken by the latterthe president of the USSR was the chain reaction of the collapse of a huge country. One after another, the republic declared its independence. Bashkiria in 1990 also took advantage of the opportunity given to it. The name changed the abbreviation of the ASSR, i.e. henceforth in the next two years its name sounded completely like the Bashkir SSR (Soviet Socialist Republic). The republic continued to be an integral part of the RSFSR.

The next time the subject of the Russian Federationchanged his name on February 25, 1992 in accordance with the legislative act. Despite the fact that the official name of the Republic of Bashkortostan was adopted, nevertheless it is for some reason not indicated on the coat of arms. The flag of Bashkortostan is a tricolor consisting of blue, white and green colors.

Change the coat of arms

To develop one of the main symbols of Bashkortostanit took almost 2 years. In this commission, which dealt with this issue, was granted 40 different projects. As a result, the specialists gave preference to the artist Azatoli Mukhtarullin. But the flag of the Republic of Bashkortostan did not change.

The author proposed to depict a horse-tulpar, whichsurrounded by an oval ribbon in the colors of the national flag. Framed drawing gold ornament. Since the horse was already an element of the Kazakh emblem, Mukhtarullin's version was rejected by the Presidium of the Supreme Council. The same fate befell the sketch of the school teacher Ildar Shayakhmetov - a white wolf against the background of the Ural mountains and the sun. Deputies of the Supreme Council considered the most successful coat of arms with the image of Salavat Yulaev, which was approved by the adoption of a special law "On the State Emblem of the Republic of Bashkortostan" on October 12, 1993. In various variations, the flag of Bashkortostan was presented. A photo of some sketches is kept in the museums of the capital.

Modern flag and coat of arms

In the center of the modern coat of arms of the RepublicBashkortostan depicts a rider. More precisely, the national hero immortalized in granite Salavat Yulaev. In the background, there is a yellow sun that rises. His morning light golden rays diverge in all directions to the golden ornament placed along the circumscribing circle. At the foot of the monument is the green inflorescence of the kurai as a symbol of unity. At the bottom of the coat of arms is a ribbon with three longitudinal strips: blue, white and green. The flag of Bashkortostan has not changed. In the center of the tape on a white background is the name of the state: "Bashkortostan". The space between the ornament along the circumference and the rider is painted pure white.

Hero of the nation

Bashkirs honor their hero Salavat Yulayev,who not only fought against the oppressors of the common people, but also became famous as a people's poet whose works are dedicated to the Bashkir warriors and the nature of his native land. From generation to generation, parents told their children about the famous person, thanks to which Salavat was not consigned to oblivion. Patriotism is developing everywhere, in all government agencies there is a flag of Bashkortostan.

In general, the monument depicted on the coat of arms is notshould be considered only as the glorification of a particular person. Rather, it would be perceived as a collective image of a warrior, a jigit who devoted his life to the cause of the struggle for justice and freedom. On the other hand, the coat of arms is a symbol of the unity of all peoples living in this territory. The flag of Bashkortostan and Russia is different, but the friendship between the states is obvious.