Technical measures when working in electrical installations. Rules of technical operation of electrical installations

The production of works in electrical installations mustbe carried out in accordance with the necessary requirements. The instructions are approved on the basis of the current sectoral regulations. Let's consider further technical measures at work in electric installations.

Primary requirements

Technical measures in electrical installationsare carried out in a certain order. First of all, necessary shutdowns are performed and measures are taken to prevent the transfer of voltage to the site in the event of self-contained or erroneous activation of switching equipment. Rules for the technical operation of thermal electrical installations prescribe the use of prohibitory posters. They are hung out on remote keys and hand drives for switching devices.

On current-carrying parts, the absencevoltage. These elements must be grounded to avoid electric shock to people. It is necessary to include earthing knives. Maintenance of electrical installations should be in accordance with the warning and prescriptive posters. Sites and live parts that remain under stress must be protected. These technical measures when working in electrical installations are carried out depending on the conditions after or before grounding.

Specificity

Rules of technical operation of electrical installationsregulate the number of people carrying out the above actions. When carrying out operational activities by two or more persons during the shift, they are performed by two persons.

Technical measures when working inelectrical installations, except for some of them, can be performed by one person in case of single-handed activity. It is forbidden for one person to apply a portable grounding and perform switching performed on 2 or more connections at a voltage of more than 1000 V in the event that there are no active interlocking devices of the disconnectors triggered by incorrect actions.

Disconnects

Technical measures when working on electrical installations include de-energizing:

1. Current-carrying parts on which the activity will be carried out.
2. Unrestrained elements that conduct current, to which people can approach.

If there is no possibility to implementswitching off, current-carrying elements should be fenced. At voltages greater than 1000 V from all directions, from which the switching device can be supplied, a rupture must be viewed, which is formed by disconnection or removal of wires and busbars, fuses, disconnection of disconnectors, switches and load separators, except for those in which automatic switching is carried out by means of springs, installed on the apparatus. Technical measures when working in electrical installations also presuppose the de-energization of transformers (power and other) that are connected with the site of operation. This eliminates the reverse transformation.

Requirements for equipment

In electrical installations, the voltage in which -more than 1000 V, in order to avoid spontaneous or erroneous activation of switching devices, by means of which a current can be applied to the section, should be:

1. Locked to the mechanical lock are manual drives at switches, separators and disconnectors.
2. Locked fences are blocked at switching devices controlled by the operating rod.
3. For drives of disconnectors, switches,load separators equipped with remote control, de-energized current and power circuits. In pneumatic devices, in addition, the valve must be closed on the mechanical lock on the compressed air supply pipe. The drain plugs are left in the open position.
4. The inactive springs or load of the respective actuators are deactivated.

Preventing Incorrect Inclusion

The necessary measures are taken in accordance with theThe requirements contained in the instruction manual for distribution complex devices. According to the prescriptions, in devices with a voltage of 6-10 kV equipped with single-pole disconnectors, it is allowed to put on rubber blades on knives to prevent an erroneous connection. In electrical installations up to 1000 V with current-carrying elements, where work is to be carried out, it is necessary to remove the voltage from all sides by de-energizing switching devices equipped with manual drives. In the event that fuses are present in the circuit, disconnection is effected by removing them. If they are absent, de-energization is carried out:

1. Locking doors or cabinet handles.
2. The shelter of the buttons.
3. Installation of insulating covers between contacts and so on.

It is also permissible to remove the voltage by switchingapparatus that is equipped with remote control, if the wires are disconnected by the switching coil. If the nature of the work and the design features of the devices allow, then the above measures can be replaced by embedding or detaching the ends of the wires, the cable from them or from the equipment with which further action will be taken.

Important point

As the rules of technical operation sayelectrical installations, disconnection or splicing must be carried out by a person from the personnel station under the supervision of the admirer. With current-carrying parts nearest to the site and accessible for accidental (unintentional) touches either tension is released or they are shielded. The switched off state of switching devices with voltage less than 1000 V with inaccessible inspection contacts (by batch switches, non-stick machines, closed cut-offs, etc.) is determined by checking the absence of voltage on the outgoing buses or clamps.

Organizational arrangements in electrical installations

For the safe operation of the activities it is necessary:

• Making an order, a dress or a list of actions.
• Issue permits for site preparation and admission in cases that are provided for by the Rules.
• Ensure control during the activities of employees.
• To arrange breaks, transfers to another site, completion of work.

Responsible persons

Organizational measures in electric installations are carried out:

1. Outstanding attire, giving orders, approving the list of actions.
2. The head of the work.
3. Issue permission for the preparation of the site and for admission in the cases specified in the Rules.
4. Observers.
5. Members of the brigade.
6. Allowing.
7. The manufacturer of works.

Tasks of responsible persons

The authorized employees determine the possibility ofand the need for work. They are responsible for the correctness and completeness of the security measures specified in the dress or order, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the brigade. There should be two or more people in it, among them - the manufacturer of works. The authorized persons designate the persons responsible for the safety on the site, monitor the compliance of the actions performed by the groups of specialists listed in the attire. They also conduct targeted briefings with the supervisor, the manufacturer of the work or the responsible supervisor.