The origin of man: basic theories
The origin of man is studied by different sciences,among them anthropology, philosophy, history, theology, paleontology and others. In connection with this, today there is a rather large number of theories of the emergence of people: a social individual, a product of activity of extraterrestrial civilizations, a biological being, etc. Until today, none of the existing theories is strictly proven. It is quite difficult to characterize all existing theories, but it is possible to consider the most convincing ones.
The most popular theories of the origin of man are creationism (divine creation) and Darwinism (evolutionary origin).
In creationism, there are several hypotheses. According to one of them, people descended from the gods. On the other hand, man was created by a single god. Most scholars reject such religious and philosophical interpretations. About half of the scientific world and other researchers of this issue share the ideas of Darwinism, based on the fact that the origin of man is associated with natural selection.
Creationism is characterized by more philosophicalviews, than scientific. Versions of this theory range from strictly theological to quite confidently claiming to be scientific. Creationists reject evolution and make determined attempts to scientifically prove the facts described in the Bible. The hypothesis of creation can hardly be proved or disproved, therefore it will always exist along with scientific theories.
According to Darwin's theory, man's originPerhaps thanks to the evolution of monkeys, who learned to hold a stick in their hands and stood on two legs. This theory is based on a serious basis of facts and anthropological data, represents a harmonious scientific system.
The creator of the evolutionary theory summarized the resultsachievements in biology, breeding practices and own observations. He was able to substantiate the hypothesis, in which he explained the origin of man by the evolution of the monkey. According to his theory, the diversity of animals and plants that inhabit the Earth is the result of frequent mutations, which are summed up over centuries and millennia. Then natural selection begins. Unadapted to life individuals and species are pushed to the periphery, allowing a faster development of another, which turned out to be more adapted to the new conditions.
On the basis of Darwin's theory,concept, as anthropogenesis, by which today is understood the process of isolation from the animal world of man. It is believed that the most distant ancestors of humans were anthropoid apes, which in their evolution passed several stages before the formation of the final result. The line of evolution lined up in this way: australopithecus (a man of skill) - pithecanthropus (right-browing man) - paleanthropic (Neanderthal man) - Cro-Magnon (a reasonable man). It should be said that a hundred years ago this theory completely suited the scientific world. But at the present time all the new facts that lead to criticism of Darwinism are being revealed.
Today, the theory is also very popular,An explanation of the origin of man on Earth by external interference. According to her, people appeared on Earth thanks to the activities of other civilizations. According to one hypothesis, modern people are descendants of aliens who landed on the Earth in prehistoric times. More complex hypotheses suggest that man appeared due to the crossing of representatives of other planets with the ancestors of modern earthlings; due to genetic engineering, spatial anomalies, etc. However, many of these theories are reminiscent of the idea of divine intervention.
