Origin of the Universe: versions, theories, models

The origin of the universe, the surrounding world,human civilization - all these questions excited the person, since antiquity. Philosophers, theologians, scientists, and ordinary citizens have put forward many hypotheses about the origin of our Galaxy, but none of them can still be considered scientifically proven.

For many centuries, until the emergence ofA. Einstein's famous general theory of relativity, it was believed that our universe is static, homogeneous, infinite in the spatial and temporal dimension. In the most general form, such a model was described by I. Kant, which was based on the laws of Newton's mechanics.

For Kant, the infinity of the universe was derived fromthe fact that it is the absence of spatial and temporal limitations that can lead to the origin of the infinite set of accidents that a person observes in everyday life. It was as a result of these accidents that the formation of the biological diversity of the Earth became possible, for example. However, by the beginning of the twentieth century, this model had already found so many contradictions that it ceased to satisfy even the stubborn supporters of I. Kant. New theories of the origin of the universe began to appear.

The most comprehensive approach to this issueGerman scientist A. Einstein. The origin of the universe, the scientific meaning of this phenomenon, became one of the main impulses for the creation of his famous theory of relativity. Based on its provisions, we can conclude that the universe is not static, but is constantly expanding, and as it expands, its movement slows down. By analogy with the known chemical phenomenon, this hypothesis was called the "Big Bang".

The origin of the universe, its chronologicalthe beginning became possible to calculate, using data on the motion of stars and other celestial bodies. It turned out that our universe has existed for several billion years, with some scientists claiming that its age is more than 20 billion years.

This model of the origin of the universe had onea significant flaw is the Big Bang itself, as it was not clear how the energy could come from almost anything. An opinion was expressed about the existence of the Great Constructor, or God, with which a significant part of scientists could not reconcile. The origin of the universe became associated with the motion of the plasma and pulsating processes, and Thomas Gold and Fred Hoyle generally returned to the idea that the Galaxy was static.

At the same time, in recent decades there have beenseveral major discoveries have been made, which directly confirm the theory of the Big Bang. Moreover, the scientists managed to prove that space and time also originate in this phenomenon, as well as energy with matter. Scientists can describe the events that occurred with our universe, starting from 10 ^ -23 seconds after the moment of its origin.

The final touch in the proof of the theoryThe big bang should be research in the Large Hadron Collider, as a result of which evidence must be obtained of the possibility of the transition of infinitesimal density, pressure and temperature into energy and matter.