Griboyedov's biography: a brief summary. Interesting facts from the life of Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov

Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov, whose biographywill be presented in this article, was a very gifted and versatile person. He mastered four professions: playwright, musician, poet and diplomat. Most famous for the legendary play in the poem "Woe from Wit". He is a descendant of an ancient noble family.

Childhood and study

The formation of the boy was done by my mother. She was a proud and proud representative of the upper class, but at the same time she was smart enough and practical. Nastasya Fyodorovna was well aware that high position in the society and promotion can give not only links and ancestry, but also the level of human education. Therefore, in the Griboedov family it was a priority. Mom hired for Alexander the best French tutors, and sometimes invited professors for lessons. Even in his childhood, Griboyedov (biography, interesting facts contained in this article) read as many books as an ordinary person does not master in his entire life.

In 1803 the boy was given to the Nobleboarding house, and three years later he entered the Moscow University. Until 1812 Alexander graduated from the verbal and legal departments. He was not allowed to finish the physical and mathematical faculty at the beginning of the war.

Even at the university everyone around them recognizedthe future playwright the most educated person. He knew all the world classics perfectly, read and spoke freely in several languages, composed music and played the piano with virtuosity.

Military service

Biography Griboyedov, a summary of whichknown to all fans of his work, was marked in 1812 an important event. To protect the Fatherland, Alexander voluntarily enrolled in the hussar regiment. But while his formation was taking place, Napoleon's army was thrown far away from Moscow. And soon she returned to Europe at all.

Despite this, Alexander Sergeevich still decidedstay in the army. His regiment was transferred to the most remote areas of Belarus. These years almost fell out of the writer's life. In the future, he will regret them. On the other hand, many of his colleagues became prototypes of the comedy heroes "Woe from Wit". In 1815, the writer realizes that he can no longer exist in the army, and plans to complete his service.

Life in St. Petersburg

Biography Griboyedov, a summary of whichknew the contemporaries of the playwright, abruptly changed with the move to St. Petersburg in 1816. Here he became close to the advanced people of that time and imbued with their ideas. Alexander Sergeyevich found many new friends, who later became organizers of secret communities. In secular salons, the writer was shining with cynicism and cold wit. He was drawn to the theatrical stage. At that time he wrote and translated for the comedy theater. Also thanks to the necessary acquaintances Griboyedov was able to get a job at the College of Foreign Affairs. Dimensional life of the writer violated the participation in the duel, which ended in the death of the opponent. His mother's connections allowed him to leave with a diplomatic mission far away from the capital.

Service in the Caucasus and Persia

In 1819, Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov,whose biography is full of interesting events, arrived in Tehran for service. There he received many new impressions, met with local princes, courtiers, wandering poets and ordinary people. The service was uncomplicated, and Griboyedov had enough time for self-education and literary creativity. He read a lot, honed the knowledge of Arabic and Persian languages. Also for the joy of the playwright, his comedy "Woe from Wit" was written here easily and fruitfully.

At that time, the author made a heroicact - took the Russian prisoners from the country. The bravery of Griboyedov was noted by General Ermolov, who decided that such a person should not vegetate in Persia. Thanks to his efforts, Alexander Sergeevich was transferred to the Caucasus (in Tiflis). Here the writer completely finished and edited two acts of the work "Woe from Wit".

Return to St. Petersburg and Arrest

In 1823, the creative biography of Griboyedov,a brief summary of which is well known to high school students, was marked by the completion of the main work of his entire life - the play "Woe from Wit". But in attempts to publish it and theatrical production, he met a categorical opposition. With great difficulty, the writer agreed with the almanac "Russian waist" about printing several passages. The Decembrists also considered distributing the book, considering it to be their own "printed manifesto".

In "Woe from Wit" the classicism andinnovation, the broad development of characters and the exact adherence to the canons of building comedy. A significant decoration of the work is the use of aphoristic and precise language. Many lines of the composition very quickly split into quotations.

Turn of fate

Who knows, how would Griboyedov's biography take shape,the brief content of which was described above, if not for a trip to the Caucasus in 1825. Most likely, the writer would take his resignation and go head to head with literary activity. But the mother of Alexander Sergeevich took an oath from him about the continuation of the career of the diplomat.

During the Russo-Persian War, the playwrightparticipated in several battles, but he achieved much more success as a diplomat. Griboyedov "bargained out" for Russia a very lucrative peace treaty and came with documents to St. Petersburg. Alexander Sergeyevich hoped to stay at home and finish the works "Georgian Night", "1812" and "Rodomist and Zenobia". But the king decided otherwise, and the writer had to return to Persia.

The tragic ending

In the middle of 1828 Griboyedov with a largereluctance left St. Petersburg. With all his strength he delayed his departure, as if he felt a near death. If not for this trip, the biography and creativity of Griboyedov could continue for the joy of the writer's admirers.

The last ray of happiness in the life of AlexanderSergeyevich had a passionate love for Nina - the daughter of his friend AG Chavchavadze. Passing through Tiflis, he married her, and then went to Tehran to cook everything for the arrival of his wife.

As for further developments, there isseveral versions of how Griboyedov perished. Biography, death - all this is of interest to the admirers of Alexander Sergeevich's talent. We list the three most common versions:

1. Griboyedov was killed by Muslim fanatics in an attempt to export Armenian women from the shah's harem. All the Russian mission was defeated.
2. The staff of the mission together with the writer showeddisrespect for the Persian laws and the Shah. And the last rumor about the attempt to export women from the harem was the last straw that filled the bowl of the patience of the shah. Therefore, he ordered to kill the insolent strangers.
3. The Russian mission was attacked by religious fanatics, set on by British diplomats.

This concludes with a brief biography of Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov, who died January 30, 1829. In conclusion, we give a few facts about the playwright.

The life of a wonderful person

• Griboyedov knew Turkish, Persian, French, Arabic, Latin, English, Greek, Italian and German perfectly.
• The writer was part of a large Masonic lodge in St. Petersburg.
• While in the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeevich used his position and connections to facilitate the life of the Decembrists. He even was able to take a few people from Siberia.
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