Ancient Egypt: sculpture and art as the source of the culture of the ancient world

One of the oldest civilizations of mankindoriginated at the origins of the great African river Nile and was called Egypt. This country left us a rich culture. It shocks with diversity and multifacetedness.

The most famous were the Egyptianthe pyramids. These monumental structures served as tombs for the lords of the ancient kingdom - the pharaohs. They tell us how ancient Egypt was. Sculpture of this country, engineering art, civil and military buildings - is a brick and wooden, stone construction. The use of stone in the ancient kingdom was originally of a ritual character and was intended for the erection of Egyptian lords. Even the funerary monuments of noble nobles were built of bricks, although internal stone trim was allowed. It should be noted that the pyramids and all surrounding buildings were a single complex. According to their evolution, one can judge the change of artistic forms that glorified Ancient Egypt. His sculpture underwent significant changes throughout the history of this country.

One of the traditions of the art of the Nile power wasThe cutting of architects' names on monuments created by them. The sculpture of the ancient kingdom abounds with numerous pyramids, one of which - the famous pyramid of Cheops - has survived to this day. She is one of the wonders of the world. In addition to it, on the west bank of the Nile, different pyramids of different shapes and heights coincide. The most interesting are the stepped Djosera, Amenemhet, Senurset. The feature of the pyramid tombs is an abundance of multicolored murals on the walls, as well as relief sculptural compositions. Ancient Egypt, its sculpture is inextricably linked with the Near-Asian and Middle Eastern civilizations.

In the era of the Middle Kingdom greatly enrichedforms and color palette, the volumes of created objects have changed. The interior of the pyramids copies the life of the country at times in minute detail. Sculpture of the Ancient Kingdom of Ancient Egypt is inconceivable without the court sculptors. Much attention was paid to the development of painting, sculpture and architecture by the pharaohs of the twelfth dynasty, while demanding that the masters of truth and accuracy of the image. For example, the statues of Pharaoh Senurset are very similar to the original. The authors did not even try to hide the natural flaws in his appearance.

Ancient Egypt, sculpture, architecture and otherselements of material culture are not only pyramids, but also temples, statues of gods and busts of pharaohs, various obelisks. About the temples of the ancient kingdom little is known, if we do not take into account the funeral structures under the pyramids. The only well-known monument of this era is the temple of King Niusserra near the modern Arab settlement of Abu-Gurab. He was not ordinary, but special, royal, and is dedicated to the sun god Ra. The temple is made entirely of stone, partly with a covered entrance, on the walls of which nature is depicted, as well as ritual manipulations of Egyptian priests. In the depths of the courtyard was a huge squat obelisk made of stone - a symbol of the Sun.

Unfortunately, the art of ancient Egypt, sculpture, painting, architecture almost did not reach our time in its original form.