Extended renal pelvis: causes, diagnosis and treatment

In modern medical practice, frequentare diseases of the genitourinary system. Among them, often such a pathology as an enlarged pelvis of the kidney, which is accompanied by a difficult outflow of urine. The pelvis is the place where the urine is collected from the kidneys, the next one into the ureters. The disease affects children and adults. More often the pelvis of the kidney is dilated in a male child.

The disease can be one-sided or two-sided, when one or both pelvis is affected. By the degree of complexity, light, medium and heavy forms are isolated.

The reasons for the expansion may be dynamiccongenital, when the disease develops as a result of stenosis of the external opening of the urethra, pronounced phimosis, organic narrowing of the urethra, neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder.

With dynamic purchased extendedthe renal pelvis is formed due to hormonal changes, inflammatory kidney pathologies, infectious processes, urethral or prostate tumors, narrowing of the inflammatory or traumatic urethra, and benign prostatic adenoma.

Organic congenital diseases include anomalies of the ureter, kidneys, and walls of the upper urinary tract.

Organic acquired occur with inflammation of the ureter and tissues surrounding it, tumors of the genitourinary system, kidney nephroptosis (omission), urolithiasis.

Most often the enlarged renal pelvis proceedsis asymptomatic. Anxiety brings signs of a major pathology that has caused the development of the disease. Infectious and inflammatory processes that develop with prolonged stagnation of the urine in the pelvis also make themselves felt.

In most cases, pathology is detected duringpregnancy or during the first year of life of the child. Some experts attribute this affliction to the inherent characteristics of the structure. Often, the dilated kidney of the kidney occurs during intensive growth, because at this time the arrangement of the organs varies relative to each other. In the older age, the enlargement occurs when the ureteral lumen overlaps with the stone.

First of all, the followingmoments. When performing ultrasound (ultrasound), the volume of the pelvis changes before and after the urination process. If the size of the organ is 7 or more mm, and the change occurs within a year.

An enlarged renal pelvis can lead tocomplications: a decrease in kidney function, inflammation (pyelonephritis), atrophy of the kidney tissue (a decrease in size), sclerosis of the kidney, a condition accompanied by the dying of the urinary kidney tissue.

Extended renal pelvis: diagnosis and treatment

With a pelvis size of up to seven mmcontrol studies of the kidneys and bladder, which produce every 1-3 months. Ultrasound for children after the year is prescribed every six months. With the progression of the disease, urography and cystography are performed, X-ray methods of research using a contrast agent that is injected through the catheter into the bladder.

With urography contrast substance is administered intravenously. With the help of these studies, the true cause of the development of pelvic enlargement is established.
Treatment of an enlarged renal pelvis in the firstthe queue is aimed at eliminating the cause that led to a violation of the outflow of urine. Congenital abnormalities are corrected by surgery. When narrowing the ureter, stenting is used, which involves the introduction of special skeletons into the narrowed areas. With extensions that are a consequence of urolithiasis, a method of removing stones is selected, which may consist of conservative or surgical treatment. Often use a variety of physiotherapy procedures. In some cases, prescribe treatment with herbs.
Particular attention is paid to the prevention of the development of inflammatory processes. Operative interventions are performed endoscopically using miniature instruments.