Mental diseases and their characteristics
Examining the lists and descriptions of pathologies, you canTo say that mental illnesses, their symptoms, have rather blurred boundaries. A highly specialized doctor, and even more so a patient, it is sometimes difficult to understand which of the symptoms to include. This makes it difficult to prescribe the treatment, because setting causes is difficult.
Where do psychological disorders end and the psychic begin, what are the limits of mental illness? Their types are multiple, and therefore in this article we will consider the most common.
Disorders anxious
Mental illness associated with this type of disorder is quite common. Among them there are:
- generalized anxiety;
- post-traumatic stress disorder;
- panic syndrome;
- social anxiety;
- obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Such mental illnesses determine when a person reacts inadequately to the situation and can not control himself.
The symptomatic picture is mainly focused on a sense of fear and horror. These sensations are accompanied by a reaction of the nervous system in the form of rapid heart rate and increased sweating.
Of course, to find a framework in situations where fearis really appropriate, and when not, it is quite difficult because of the individual perception of the reality of each individual. And yet, there are times when the clinical picture is obvious.
Psychotic disorders
Mental illnesses of this category, mainly, are manifested in the form of distorted thinking and perception of the surrounding world.
Of the main symptoms are hallucinations and delusions.
- Hallucinations - perception of nonexistent asreal. This includes the hearing of voices, the vision of unreal images and objects, the emergence of sensations that are caused by something that does not happen (for example, it seems that the snail crawls along the skin, which in fact does not exist).
- A delusional idea is a false belief, a self-deception, which the patient perceives as truth, even in the presence of opposite arguments. It is impossible to disguise such a person.
One example of this category of diseases is schizophrenia.
Food disorders
Mental illnesses belonging to this category are few and related to food intake. They include:
- neurogenic bulimia;
- compulsive overeating;
- neuropsychological anorexia.
The symptomatology of these pathologies isexcessive experiences associated with weight and food. Some patients refuse to eat and significantly lose weight, up to lethal outcomes in the absence of treatment. They specifically try to lose weight in order to achieve excessive leanness, or because any food is disgusting to them. Another category retains a craving for food, but with the same goals after its intake, these people cause a vomiting reflex, because of which food is not absorbed by the body. The third category, on the contrary, is too fixated on the consumption of food, which leads to obesity.
Personality disorders
Such pathologies are characterized by inflexible personality traits. They interfere with the socialization of man, and therefore require treatment. Examples of such diseases include the following:
- antisocial disorder;
- paranoid disorder;
- obsessive-compulsive.
These pathologies are the inconsistency of the qualities of the individual to the expectations of society. Aggressive reactions or absolute isolation are the most characteristic features for such a number of diseases.
So, in this article we have listed the most frequenttypes of mental disorders. They arise due to stress, insufficiently good upbringing, as well as physical damage to the head. The probability of recovery directly depends on the degree of pathology and the ability of the individual to resist the progression of the disease.
