Do you know which blood group is right for everyone?
Signs of human blood, both immune andgenetic, by similarity of substances alien to the body (antibodies) can be combined into a specific type, called the blood group. Any person belongs to a certain type of blood that forms at an early stage in the life of the fetus. Molecules that belong to a particular blood group are called antigens. If they get into an organism that is foreign to the antigenic composition, they cause the formation of antibodies that can be combined into conglomerates.
Blood: what is and what is different from the other?
There are 4 types:
- The first, in which there are no antigens
- The second contains antigen A
- The third contains antigen B
- The fourth has antigens A, B together
I wonder what kind of blood group is right for all people? When mixing donor blood and a recipient belonging to the same group, new blood cells circulate among the "ones" in the usual regime. Conversely, incompatibility can be dangerous to human health. Consider the compatibility table:
Blood group number | For donors | For recipients |
1 | All types | The first |
2 | The second, the fourth | The first, the second |
3 | The third, fourth | The first, the third |
4 | Fourth | All types |
The table clearly demonstrates which groupblood fits all the others. It turns out that number 1 can be combined with others and it can be transfused to people of all types. Therefore, blood I is very valuable, does not harm the lives of others in the case of transfusion, and its owner is a universal donor.
Rhesus factor
How it manifests itself at the gene level:
- parents have a rhesus positive - a child can have a Rh factor either (+) or not (-);
- one of the parents has a positive rhesus, the other - a negative one, the child can have both positive and negative;
- the father and mother of the Rh factor are negative, the child will have only negative.
In Europe, there are about 15% of the total populationwith negative rhesus. Such people can make a blood transfusion, which is compatible with them for the group and the Rh factor (meaning negative).
It is worth remembering which blood group is suitable for all people and what donors and recipients need to know before transfusion.