Sport gymnastic shells

Gymnastics is the technical basis of numerouskinds of sports. Gymnastic projectiles and equipment allow not only to sharpen the technique of performing individual elements, but also provide an opportunity to improve coordination of movements, improve the sense of balance, develop flexibility, endurance.

Discipline includes, above all, supporting jumps and floor exercises. Let's look at the types of gymnastic shells, we will understand, for what purposes they are used.

Bars

Allocate multiple and parallel bars. The former are used for exercises by gymnasts, the latter by male athletes.

The shell is made in the form of two parallel poles. The length of each of them is 3.5 m. Hardwoods are used as the materials of manufacture: beech, ash, birch. To increase the breaking strength, the core of the poles is reinforced with steel rods.

Telescopic construction of the beams allowsAdjust their height according to the needs of the athlete or the requirements of the competition. Female gymnastic projectiles of this category are fixed on stretch marks.

According to generally accepted requirements, duringthe crossbeams of the male bars are placed at a height of 1.75 m. At the same time, the upper jumper of the female shell is located at a level of 2.45 m from the surface of the safety mats and the lower one at an altitude of 1.65 m.

Horizontal bar

The tourniquet and crossbar - gymnastic shells,whose names denote the same device. The design is presented in the form of a steel rod with a diameter of 28 mm and a length of about 2.5 m, which is installed on two parallel telescopic racks. The latter are fixed on stretch marks in the form of cables or chains, which are attached to the floor.

Since during the operation on such sportsgymnastic shells have extraordinary loads, the main structural elements here are made of high-tensile spring steel. Allocate universal horizontal bars and crossbars for competitions.

Horse

Gymnastic projectiles of this category are used in the programs of women's and men's competitions. The main purpose of this inventory is to perform acrobatic elements.

The horse includes an elongated plastic ora wooden base lined with elastic material, and a heavy metal stand that prevents the projectile from moving. The device contains two parallel knobs, which serve as sticks.

The length of the shell of the standard projectile is 1.6m, width - 35 cm, and height - 28 cm. The latter is strengthened on metal "legs", which allow to change the position and height of the projectile. To work out the men's competitive gymnastic program, the horse is located at a height of 1.15 m from the surface of the site. If, however, the projectile is used as a basis for repulsion in the performance of the support jump, the racks are moved to the level of 1.25 m for women and 1.35 m for men. The weight of the horse is 125 kg.

Such gymnastic shells are made of wood. The body is covered with rubber or felt, and then burlap.

There are several types of gymnastic horses:

• jumping - deprived of handles;
• mahovye - have palm rest;
• Universal - contain a slot for the installation of handles.

Gymnastic bridge

Used when performing referenceacrobatic jumps. Mounted on a level surface in a closed room. It consists of a rigidly connected base and a hopping platform of curved shape. Between these elements is a spring.

The platform of the gymnastic bridge is madeof plywood thickness of 15 mm and has a multi-layer structure. The outer coating of the projectile is represented by elastic packing, which prevents slipping during jumping.

Rings

Represent a moving gymnasticshell. The rings are hung on special elastic, high-strength cables. A gymnastic project is used in the program of the Olympic Games to develop the men's program.

According to the requirements of the International Federationgymnastics, the ropes of the device should be fixed at an altitude of 5.75 m from the surface of the site, and the rings themselves at a level of 2.75 m. The inner diameter of the jigs is 18 cm. The distance between the rings in a calm state is 50 cm.

Log

This gymnastic projectile is the 6th in our review -is used to perform exercises on balance. This inventory is presented in the form of a horizontal beam 10 cm wide and not more than 5 m long. According to the standards, the height of the projectile is 125 cm.

A log from softwood is produced. On top of the shell is covered with a shell in the form of solid veneer. The log must necessarily contain an outer cloth covering of the material, which prevents slipping during the exercise and accordingly protects the athlete from injury. For the same reason, the corners and edges of the beam are rounded. Such gymnastic projectiles are strengthened on two adjustable racks, which contain fixed shock absorbers.

Currently, there are: universal logs of variable height, low devices of constant height, as well as products with soft and hard coatings. These types of gymnastic projectiles are used in various types of training and competitive activities.

Gymnastics carpet

Used to develop a program directedto perform free exercises and acrobatic jumps. Can be used both in combination with an elastic platform, and without it. For the assembly of the latter, plywood sections are used, which contain coatings with markings, elements with damping qualities.

Mats

Gym mats are used assafety means for mitigating shock loads when performing a jump from various projectiles. Products of this category are produced from linen cloth, cotton fabrics, canvas. The stuffing here is foam rubber, cotton wool or sponge rubber. As for external cases, they are made of natural or artificial leather.

There are gymnastic mats of several standard sizes: 2x1 m and 2x1,25 m. According to safety requirements, the thickness of the products should not exceed 6.5 cm.

Today in the conduct of youth competitionsuse mats with foam rubber. However, due to the increased loads, in the adult competitive practice the use of such devices is prohibited. Therefore, mats with rubber fillers are used here.