What form does the verb have? Examples
The inclination of a verb is very important to himcharacteristic. When morphological analysis it is indicated necessarily. Also, the inclination affects other signs of this part of the speech, for example, for a while. Do not forget that with this category are associated certain spelling norms, which we will touch on in this article. Also, in detail we will consider which forms of inclination the verb has, let us give examples, so that this constant morphological sign does not cause difficulties.
What does the category of inclination stand for?
The verb gives our speech liveliness, makes it dynamic. With an inordinate word "verb" our ancestors the Slavs called their whole speech in principle. Proposals without these parts of speech are very rare.
One of the characteristics of the verb is itsthe ability to express the relation of the subject of speech to reality: an action takes place with the object in fact or is simply desirable, imaginary. This characteristic is also called modality. It is this that is realized through the inclination of the verb.
Thus, it is this important categorypredicate contains the basic meaning of the speech situation. What form does the verb have? The answer is right now: indicative, conditional and imperative. Each of them is called to inform about the correspondence of the action of reality. Let us prove this.
For example, let's compare the sentences: I will drink tea. "I'd have a drink of tea." "Have some tea." It is easy to guess that all three verbs in these sentences are used in various inclinations. And if the first of them talks about a concrete action that will take place in the future, the other two talk about either the conditionality of the act or the motivation for action (events may not take place).
Indicative
The most common form of inclination,speaking about the reality of what happens to an object - indicative. A distinctive feature - the presence of a form of time, this indicates that the action occurred earlier or will be in the future, and maybe it is being fulfilled at the moment.
The verb in the form of the indicative mood changes not only in time, but also in persons, also in numbers.
This type of inclination closely adjoins the formpredicate. Thus, imperfective verbs have all three time characteristics. Moreover, the future time for such words is complex, i.e. formed by adding to the verb to be, used in the simple future of the infinitive, containing the basic meaning.
For example: I prepare for the exam all day. (present) - I was preparing for the exam all day. (elapsed time) - I will prepare for the exam next days.
What form of inclination does the perfective verb have? If to speak about the indicative, then such predicates are represented in two times: the past and the simple future.
I prepared for the exam very well. (past tense). - I will prepare for the exam very well.
The category of the indicative mood occursin all types of speech in different speech situations. Reasoning, narration, description, dialogue or speech to a large audience - these predicates will always be main, they are universal and emotionally neutral.
Conditional mood
A verb in the form of a conditional mood indicates the action that will occur if certain conditions are met. Otherwise it is impossible.
For example: With your help, I would cross the gorge. You would pass through this small bridge. The second sentence expresses not so much the presence of a certain condition, but the desire to perform an action.
Form the form of this inclination is very simple. It is enough to put the verb in the past tense and attach the particle to (b): I would have called, I would have come, I would have spent, I would have driven it.
The role of this shaping particle is tologically identify the necessary word. She can stand in any part of the sentence. For example, compare: Would you bring the goods today. - You would bring the goods today. Today you would bring the goods. The first sentence logically emphasizes the verb-predicate, in the second on the subject, and in the third on the circumstance of time.
Imperative mood
Talking about what form of inclination hasverb, it should be said about the last - imperative. From its name it becomes clear that in this predicate there is any motivation for the action of the listener. Depending on the design, grammatical and emotional, this value can range from a polite request to an order.
Please solve the problem. - Write the following example. - Get the exercise books!
If there is a particle in front of the verb in the imperativenot, then such a proposal will express the undesirability of the action. For example: Do not offend animals! Here, a request is made that the "offend" action should not be carried out.
Formation of imperative mood
To make a polite request, often to verbsimperative is given special introductory words: please be kind, be so kind. Do not forget that these constructs are separated by commas: Be kind, give your name and surname.
Also, for a polite urge to action, it is necessary to put the verb into the form of a multiple person: Ekaterina Valerievna, please pass on the book.
From the singular verbs, the imperativeThe inclination is formed with the suffix -and-. He joins the basis of the present tense: bring - bring, put - put, take - take. The use of this suffix is not necessary: get up - get up, pour - pour.
Particular attention should be paid to the verb form: close - close - close; but close - close - close. In the first case verbs of imperfect type are used, in the second - perfect.
May be formed an imperative mood and with the help of particles, let them: Let the boys remove the class today.
If you want to achieve a rude order, you should form this inclination with the help of the infinitive: Everyone lie in bed!
As a rule, in sentences with verbsThe imperative inclination of the subject is absent, but this does not apply to those in which the form is formed with let / let. Let Natasha put it on the table. Subject Natasha, the predicate - let him cover.
How to determine the inclination?
To distinguish which forms of inclination the verb has (see the examples above), it is necessary to follow the algorithm:
- Carefully read the sentence, paying special attention to the reality or unreality of the action.
- To pay attention to a verb a predicate, to check up, whether it can change in this kind on time.
- Pay attention to formal signs: the particles would, let, the suffix -and-.
However, it should be remembered that one inclination canused in the form of another. For example, indicative in the meaning of imperative: Brought me coffee! You'll take a newspaper with you. Maybe the opposite situation: Take it and jump out of your hands. In such a case, what forms of inclination the verb has, we define solely by the meaning of the whole sentence.
