Lexical norms of the Russian language
Lexical norms are those norms, thanks towhich regulates the rules of use and combination in the speech of words. The use of the latter is determined by the peculiarities of their lexical meanings. Lexical meaning in another way can be called the content of the word, which displays the Russian person's idea of the subject or process, the property of the object or phenomenon.
Lexical norms define the process of the relevant andthe correct use of a word or expression, depending on its meaning, accuracy and expressiveness. Sometimes people try to express their feelings overwhelming them, but, with a small vocabulary, they repeat the same phrase, desperately gesticulating. To look at this monologue from the side is rather ridiculous, but here it is simply sickening to be a listener of this "speech".
On this occasion, there are wonderful ironic poems written by Agniya Barto. They talk about how a girl listens to the story of her older brother about the movie she just watched.
They told her - time!
She told them!
But here just
He saved her.
Here is a vivid example of speech when lexical norms are violated fundamentally, since the phrases are absolutely devoid of an exact expression of the speaker's thoughts.
Today, this "disease" affects the majority of young people. Unable to find the right word, tongue-tied people resort to the use of words-parasites, street argo and even obscene expressions.
The second most important aspect of the correct beautiful speech,which is also included in lexical norms is the compatibility of words. For example, often in Russian language the expression "deep old age" is used, but the phrase "deep youth" can cause only a grin. Like this violation of the Russian colloquial language, humorists came up with the phrase "deeply and irretrievably pregnant", "pathologically incurably healthy" or "talking function".
There is also a violation of lexical normsin the language, as a mix of paronyms - words that can be single-root and similar in sound, and also correlated in a semantic and logical way, but differing in exact meaning. For example, these are the words "remnants" and "remains", "economical" and "economic."
Lexical norms also do not allow inaccuracies inusage. Jokes, created on the basis of ridiculous phrases from school works, can not leave indifferent any Russian. Of course, just imagine a picture: Onegin "urinates" with cologne! Or here: Tatiana is riding in a carriage "with a raised back" !! Or the phrase about the holey pants, "through which you can see its proletarian origin" !!!
And on the door of the supermarket you can find an ad written, alas, no longer a schoolboy: "Enter through the anus", and in the dining room: "Do not dunk your fingers and eggs ..."
Lexical norms of the Russian language also do not toleratepleonasms, that is, close in meaning words, used side by side. For example, those can be called "bold and brave man" and "free vacancy", "the strongest" and "the main essence".
Even more absurd is the tautology in Russian speech -the use of single root words. "Organize an organization," "record a record," "prick an injection," "tell a story," "brush your hair" is just a small fraction of those pearls that are often used in speech by some Russian people.
Neglect of lexical normsgave birth to such a speech incidence as speech insufficiency. At Dontsova there is an episode when the parent, having come to school for conversation with the class teacher of the child, sees in the wardrobe a sign: "Hanger for teachers".
But after all, if you take a closer look andto think about, then such ads can be seen everywhere a great many! When you realize that the norms of Russian literature are often trampled on by Russian people who should be proud of their language and culture, they become upset to tears.
Gentlemen of the Russians! Let's try to speak in the right, imaginative, beautiful Russian language, on which are written the greatest literary works of Pushkin and Lermontov, Dostoevsky and Tolstov, Prishvin, Leskov, Fet and many others.
