Verbal suffixes in the Russian language. Spelling of verbal suffixes. The verb suffix -ova-

The spelling of suffixes is closely related tomorphology. There are different rules for writing this morpheme, they are studied differentially for each part of speech. Consider what verb suffixes there are.

The suffix -owa - / - eva, -yva - / - iva-

These suffixes form imperfective verbs, to which the question "what to do?" For example: drawing, dancing, painting, dancing.

The morphemes-ovah-eva-form verbs of the imperfect kind from other parts of speech, usually from nouns:

command - to command;
try - try;
envy - envy;
excitement - worry;
expenditure - spend;
grief - to grieve;
conversation - talk;
participation - to participate;
feeling - feeling;
sympathy is to sympathize;
stroke - hatch.

The spelling of these morphemes is checked by formthe verb of the first person of units. numbers in the present tense. In order to put the verb in the right form, it is necessary to ask the question: "What am I doing now?" The answer is:

I'm dancing now;
I am drawing right now.

As you can see, the verb ends in -yu. In this case, the suffix -owa - / - eva - is written.

Examples of words in which the verb suffix -owa - / - eva-:

I envy - envy, greet -welcome, explore - investigate, organize - organize, squirm - root, worry - worry, peck - peck, attack - attack, persecute - pursue, use - use, enmity - enmity.

The morphemes -yva - / - willow - also form verbs, to which the question "what to do?" Is posed. For example: biting off.

Suffixes -õiva - / - willow - produce verbs of imperfective form from verbs of the perfect kind:

(what to do?) to experience - (what to do?) to test.

The spelling of these morphemes also depends on the formthe verb of the 1st liter. the only one. the number of the present. time. Let's recall the question: "What am I doing now?" And the answer is: "I'm dancing right now," "I'm finishing right now."

After that, we determine that at the end, I'm going.

Next, I will apply the rule: at the end I go, I have to write a verb suffix -yva-/ -viva-.

Examples of words in which he stands out:

Choking - choking, coming up with -think up, bounce, swing, nurture, nurture, bite off, bite, refuse, refuse, search, search, smear, spread, paint, cut, cut, uncoil, uncoil, tear, pull, stretch, shake - loosen, scatter - scatter, wink - wink, hang - suspend, test - feel, start - start, think, think.

Suffixes in Communion

The morphemes - ova - / - eva -, -yva - / - willow - are preserved in actual participles.

This is due to the fact that the participles, denoting the feature of the subject by action, are formed from verbs, and the spelling of the verbal suffixes in them is preserved. For example:

Verbs	Communion
fat-ova-l parade-ov guest-eve conceived vskak-willow lacro-lacquer wince deducted prikid-siva	fat-ova-owls march-ova-owls gost-eva-vshiy conceivable jumping-up lakir-ova-vshy wincing deductive out-of-sight

The verb suffix is yours and the vowel in front of it

In the event that the stress falls on the finalpart of the verb, you can not allocate -owa- / ewa-, -yva - / - willow, since the suffix will be different. He is always shock, and this differs from previous derivational morphemes. For example, it is singled out in words:

weakened-wa'-that;
sweaty-va'-that;
poly-wa'-ti;
prode-wa'-t;
Napey-va'-that.

This suffix forms an imperfect form from the perfect, it appears in the form of the neoses. at. and disappears in the owls. at. This will help to highlight it in the word:

to weaken (Sov.v.) - fainting (nesov.v.);
misted (Sov.v.) - zapote-va-t't (nesov.vid);
to water (Sov.v.) - poly-wa-t't (nonsov.vid);
To pass (ow.) - Prode-va-t't (nonsov.vid);
to sing (Sov.v.) - Napee-va-t't (nonsov.vid).

Appearing in verbs, he takes on the stress, and the vowel before him turns unstressed and turns into a spelling. For its selection, the rule applies: To correctly write a vowel before the percussive suffix, you need to skip this suffix.

Examples of verbs with a suffix -a:

To mature - mature, get sick - get sick,to put on - to put on, to give out - to give, to beat out - to beat, to be heard - to rasshit'sya, to wash down - to wash, to dress - to dress, to interrupt - to kill, to learn - to know, to rise - to rise, to have time - to have time, to create - to create, to master - to master, sew, warm - warm, overcome - overcome, endure - endure.

Attention! There is a discrepancy to the rule in the following verbs: get stuck - get stuck, intend, eclipse - eclipse, extend - prolong.

The suffix -Irova-

If the suffixes -ywa - / - uva-, -owa - / - eva-havevariants, the morpheme is always written in the same way. It also forms the verbs of the neas. species. To select this suffix, it is necessary to determine the generating word, to select the basis in it, orienting itself along which it is easy to determine where the word-formation morpheme begins: group - group-irov.

Usually verbs with this postfix are formed from the stem of the noun and have the meaning of an active, purposeful action: reserve - reserve, sabotage - sabotage, coach - train.

The suffix -irova has a very interesting origin. One part -ier-borrowed from the German language during the reign of Peter the Great, is connected with the Russian-ova-: experimentieren - to experiment, gruppieren - to group, modernisieren - to modernize, formieren - to form.

Examples of words with the suffix -ira-:

isolate;
varnish;
Lead;
liquidate;
march;
Mining;
operate;
orient;
to plan;
privatize;
to react;
rehearse;
to serve;
sort;
stuff;
take pictures;
to quote.

The verb suffix -and-

In verbs, combined with a noun and pronoun in the accusative case without prepositions, there is usually a suffix -u-:

We are delivering-and-that (whom? what?) us;
provide-and-that (who? what?) of children;
deforestation-and-that (whom? what?) terrain;
dehydrated-and-that (what? what?) territory;
whitewash-and-that (what? what?) walls;
podkras-and-that (who? what?) hair;
black-and-that (who? what?) eyebrows.

Such words denote that this action is performed by someone in relation to an object. That is, they are transitive verbs.

The suffix -e-

This verb suffix is written in intransitive verbs, from which it is impossible to put questions of accusative:

black-e-tom (from what?) from grief;
poser-e-ty (from what?) from the problems;
rust-e-Th (from what?) from humidity;
whitening-e-ty (from what?) from old age.

Such verbs contain the meaning of an action that occurs without outside influence, and this value is introduced by the suffix -e.

Vowels before the suffix -l-

The verbal suffix of the past tense is usually found after the orthogram-vowels: ver ... l, ve ... l, hang ... l, measure ... l, detour ... l, desperate, stick ... l, se ... l, clean ... l.

To choose a vowel before -n-, one must put the verb into the initial form. The vowel that stands before, will remain in front of-l:

twirl - spit;
veyat - veil;
to start - started;
depend - depend;
measure - measure;
repenting - repenting;
bowing, bowing;
cherish - cherished;
hope - hoped;
to travel - toured;
despair - despaired;
paste - pasted;
reyat - reyal;

listen - listen;
sow - sow;
clean - clean;
to sense and feel.

The verbal suffix in an indefinite form is a reference suffix. It persists in the gerunds before-and-out-: desperate-ly-sy, stick-in, listen-in, sow-in, clean-in.

Assignment for fastening

So, when it is known which verb suffixes are in Russian and how they are written, you can go to the practical part.

In this text, letters are omitted. It is easy to recover if you recall some of the learned rules governing the spelling of orthograms in the suffixes of verbs.

It is interesting to observe monkeys living ontrees. You can consider them and the photographer ... rip, because they, without experiencing fear, freely passed ... different miracles of dexterity. They do not jump over, but pereparkh ... they blow from a branch to a branch, swing and tumbling on lianas. Everything that seems attractive to them, monkeys are torn off, coverage ... with their tenacious paws, stained, smelled ... and tried to try, even brought to your ear to obey ... t. Something they lay on the cheek, and something is selected ... as unnecessary.