Tradition: what is this? Types of traditions - national, social, cultural, religious and other

Traditions are embodied in socialstereotypes is a certain historically formed group experience, which is accumulated and reproduced in the society. It is necessary to distinguish this concept from art, which represents a more individual creative activity. Through traditions, a certain collective of individuals transmits by inheritance the knowledge necessary for self-development and even survival. That is, this term can be interpreted as a certain mechanism of collective communication. Specialists identify the main types of traditions: folk (ethnic), social, national, religious and cultural.

Origin of the term

Everyone knows the word "tradition" for many has a fairly clear meaning. If to speak of a literal translation, then in Latin the term means "transfer".

Originally the concept of "tradition" was usedOnly in a literal sense did the action signify. The ancient Romans used it in the event that they had to hand over to somebody a certain material object or to marry a daughter. Subsequently, material objects receded into the background, they were pushed back by the transferred skills and skills. Thus, the meaning of the word "tradition", or rather, its semantic spectrum, indicates the main difference from everything that could be brought under this concept. Tradition is that which does not belong to a particular individual, since it is transmitted from outside. The derivative value is associated with all that is related to the old past, which irrevocably lost its novelty, invariably and symbolically stable. And exact adherence to customs saves many from the need to independently comprehend the situation and make a decision.

Traditions and society

Every new generation, getting into fullorder a certain set of traditional samples, does not accept or assimilate them in a finished form, it involuntarily carries out their own interpretation. It turns out that society chooses not only its future future, but also the past that has vanished into oblivion. Social groups and society as a whole, selectively accepting some elements of the social heritage, simultaneously reject others. Therefore, social traditions may well be both positive and negative.

National Heritage

In general, the tradition is the so-called elementculture, which occurs in one generation and is transmitted from ancestors to descendants, remaining for a long time. These are certain norms, rules of conduct, rituals, procedures that must be performed. Considering together with this term the definition of the word "heritage", we can say that the concepts are almost identical.

If we talk about national traditions, it isrules that are manifested in almost everything. This applies not only to clothing, style and behavior in general, they also manifest themselves in movements, gestures and other elements that are present in the psychology of people. Such concepts and manifestations are very important for a person, since they are the ones who are able to trigger an unconscious mechanism in a person who is clearly able to determine the "own" and "alien" facets.

National traditions are a phenomenon thatwas formed as a result of the vital activity of each people or nation, regulated by functions in the mind of a person. In other words, regulation occurs in family life, in communication, behavior. Traditions have their characteristics, namely they possess high stability, continuity and even stereotypedness. Characterized by a long-term factor, which is a regulator of social phenomena.

Modern attitude to cultural traditions

Variety of traditions of most countries sometimesjust amazing. The fact that for a certain people is the norm of everyday life, in another country can often be perceived as a personal insult. One can say that traditions are one of the fundamental things in the cultures of different countries of the world. Therefore, if you decide to rest in an exotic country, you must first familiarize yourself with its customs, so as not to get into an embarrassing situation. For example, in Turkey, one of the important traditions is the need to take off shoes at the entrance to the house and the temple. Even in no case can not be denied the offer to drink a cup of tea, this can be perceived as an insult.

Not just a set of rules

Cultural traditions are not just a set of rulesetiquette, this is a certain semantic flow aimed at showing the depth of the history of this or that country, these are values ​​that were laid down for centuries passed from generation to generation to maintain and reveal the unique mentality of its inhabitants. For example: countries in which Buddhism is prevalent, believe that touching the head of a person is unacceptable, since it inhabits the human soul. Unfortunately, in many countries traditional rituals have come out of fashion, so to speak, and have lost their value in connection with technological progress. I would like to see the interest in preserving our culture not losing its relevance in any corner of the world.

A synonym for a word

The word "tradition" is a feminine noun, if necessary, it can be replaced by concepts custom (masculine nouns), legacy (nouns of the middle genus). Instead of a single term, you can use word combinations with the word "so", for example: so it was, so. Writers, and not only them, traditionscalled unwritten laws. One of the most unusual synonyms in Russian for this noun is the word "itihasa", which in translation means "that's exactly the way it was". Most sources define a synonym for the word "tradition" in several variants, in which, besides the ones presented above, they lead norm, setting, wont, value. An interesting variant is the use of the word "khashar" (a term that has long been included in the Turkic and Tajik languages ​​and denotes "joint labor").

Religious Traditions

Religion also has its own traditions, which makes itspiritual and cultural fountain. Religious traditions are a set of stable forms and methods of worshiping the gods (God). Each of the religions that exist on earth carefully preserves and supports its tradition in every possible way, but often there are several traditions in each religion, for example: Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Protestantism - in Christianity; Shiites and Sunnis - in Islam, Mahayana and Hinayana - in Buddhism. Religious traditions of the East practice a certain technique of work both with the body and with the consciousness, which is aimed at enlightenment, i.e. getting extremely high states of human consciousness. Christian religious traditions include visiting the church, praying, confessing and honoring religious holidays. The most famous holidays are Easter, Christmas, Baptism, Trinity, Ascension, Annunciation. Also, not all traditions are observed, if only because in the age of digital technologies people have become less pious than their ancestors. Now few people at the festive table ask for a harvest or rain. It's just that the holiday was another reason to get together with the whole family.

Without the past, there is no future

Traditions are a legacy that is unshakableauthoritatively, they resignedly accepted and transmitted in accordance with the fact that the departed ancestors - "bearers" - have a solid voice in the life of their heirs - "followers".