Full name of the notes. Features, history and interesting facts

Today we will tell you what the notes mean, theirfull names, and also recall some interesting historical facts. From Latin, this word is translated as "mark" or "sign". This is a graphic designation of sound in a musical work. In fact, we have one of the main symbols of notation in this art form. The full name of the musical notes is transmitted with the help of special symbols. They indicate different characteristics of sound: the order of execution, duration, height. But why were such symbols adopted? Next, let's talk about all this in more detail.

History

Next, the full names of the notes will be considered. Guido d'Arezzo is the author of the musical notation He created his works in the first half of the eleventh century It was he who began to write down the symbols we are interested in in the four-line mill So we answered the question who invented the notes The full names of the notes as we know them Today, they did not appear right away, before that, European music used nevmy.As a matter of fact, we are talking about special signs. "The Guido d'Arezzo system was subsequently finalized. In particular, the keys and appearance of the notations changed, the 5th ruler was added. In the modern form, the system of interest is used since the XVII century. Around 1700, Andreas Werkmeister - a German musician and scientist - suggested using a twelve-ton logarithmic uniform musical scale. In addition, he produced a piano, which was tuned on its basis. At that time, only notes heights were recorded with the help of notes. The rhythm could not be transmitted in this way.

Names

This section will give the full namemusic with translation. If the distance between musical units is a multiple of an octave, their names are the same. Today such a series is used: before, re, mi, fa, salt, la, si. The full name of the notes is indicated below. The first octave is the standard of frequency - 440 Hz. The ratio of notes, which are about an octave, is two. The full name of the notes in Latin, according to one version, is the line of a hymn performed in the rising octave: UT queant laxis, REsonare fibris, MIra gestorum, FAmuli tuorum, SOLve polluti, LAbii reatum. This system was introduced by Guido d'Arezzo, whose note was called "ut." In the future, to make the pronunciation more convenient, they came up with an alternative version in honor of Giovanni Doni, and a note "c" was added, its name being an abbreviation for Sancte Ioannes. It was given to H. Valrant in Hungary and the USA, and the note si has the name ti, which makes it possible not to confuse it with "C" - before in Latin notation.

Lettering

The full name of the notes can also be transferredway. It's about writing them. The notes are denoted by Latin letters: C, D, E, F, G, A, H. This is the so-called German notation system. In it, the C-note is transmitted by the letter H. The German system is used in almost every European country where English is not the main language. B flat is transmitted according to this method by the letter B. There is also an English notation system. According to its rules, the note si is transmitted with the letter B. This system is mainly distributed in the UK and the USA. It is also partially used in Sweden and Holland. The rules of this notation are used in the English-language literature. It is often found in the designation of guitar chords in Russian collections. To add a flat to a note, assign -es to its name. To denote sharp, -isis is used. There are exceptions to this rule. Mnemonic reception, which provides memorization of notes that are on 1 - 5 rulers of the nototope: mi, salt, si, re, fa. In this case, one should take into account the interval in the third. For convenience, the following phrase is used, quite amusing: "Salt migrated to Sicily Register the Surname."

Simplified system

The full name of the notes can be transmitted and morein a simple way. A simplified recording system was created for a variety of musical instruments. It's about tablature. It can be keyed and guitar. The use of this technique can be mastered by anyone who does not own a musical score. This is done quickly enough.

Recording form

A notch mill is called 5 rulers, on which uthere are musical units. They are counted from the bottom up. Notes from left to right are recorded in the form of oval litter in the order of sound. Each musical unit is located on a certain line of the camp or between them. Sometimes additional rulers are used. They extend the music band down or up. Additional rulers have a certain length. Exactly so much is required for the image of notes to be placed on these lines. The vertical position of a musical unit depends on its sound taking into account the height.

Elements

The note image includes three elements. The oval stretched in the horizontal direction is called the head. The vertical dash attached to it has a calm name. From the latter one or several curved lines depart. They are called flags or tails. The head is filled or empty. Tails and calm in certain circumstances are absent. Due to the described characteristics, the relative duration of the indicated sound is determined. The position of the head relative to the rulers determines the height. Mutual arrangement indicates the order of their execution.

Height designation

When recording notes are placed in a special way. Their heads are on the lines or between them. Each position corresponds to a certain stage - one of seven. It repeats itself in different octaves. The correspondence of positions and steps is set by the key on the staff mill. The main stage of the position can be lowered or increased. For this, basic or random signs of alteration are used. Thus, the pitch of the sound is determined on the basis of the position of the musical unit in the camp. This takes into account keys and signs of alteration.

Interesting Facts

We have already examined how it was formedthe full name of the notes, but there are a few more interesting points that you should pay attention to when you are acquainted with musical units. Each row on the camp and the space between them is assigned an ordinal value. The sequence of notes does not change. Thus, to determine the position of all musical units in the camp, it is enough to know the position of one. The rest are calculated automatically.

To specify which note is the starting note, inThere are keys to the music. We are talking about special symbols. They are recorded at the left end of the toothed bearer. The most common is the treble clef. He indicates that on the 2nd line below there is a note of salt, referring to the first octave. The bass key goes back to the letter "F". He indicates that the note "fa" in the small octave corresponds to the second line from the top. Other keys - basoprofundovy and Old French - are less common.

There are special musical instruments. Parties for them are written in the keys "before". There are well-known "clean" notes. In addition, we should not forget about their derivatives - flat and sharp. To indicate them from the note on the left, special characters are written. They are called signs of alteration. The same symbols can be placed at the beginning of each line. This means that all notes are played in a flat or sharp version. The key signs are those at the beginning of the line. Elements that are in separate notes, received the name of random. The latter operate within one bar in all octaves. There is another special sign of alteration. It's called a bekar. It is used to cancel the previously specified flat or sharp.

The color of the note oval indicates the duration. In addition, a number of other elements are used to describe it. The main durations are the whole, and also half, quarter, eighth, sixteenth and thirty-second. Much smaller is used for smaller or larger parts. The duration of an entire note is a relative value. It depends on the pace of the product at some point. If there are several notes in a row with a duration of less than a quarter, they are displayed under a single edge - a stick.