Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov: interesting facts from life, creativity

Today we will talk about such a well-known and verypopular Russian writer today, like Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov. Interesting facts about the author's life, as well as features of his work and some biographical dates will be the main topic of this article.

A bit of biography

The writer's life was not constant. Today, Mikhail Bulgakov could look like a beggar, but tomorrow he became a rich man, thoughtlessly spending money on wonderful companions.

There is a misconception that Bulgakovhe chose the writer's path rather late - only by the age of 30. However, this statement is far from the truth. Write the author began very early. It is known about his earliest work "The Adventures of Svetlana", which was written in 7 years. On the other hand, if we talk about writing as a full-fledged career, then, of course, Bulgakov did not come to this immediately. We must not forget that initially the career of Mikhail Afanasievich was connected with medicine. Actually, he did not leave medical practice after he became a famous writer.

Bulgakov graduated from the Medical University in 1916year, after which he went to Smolensk, to the place of the zemstvo doctor. His wife was accompanied by Tatiana. Based on the memories of these years, the author wrote a series of short stories "Notes of a young doctor."

But not so prosaic, as it might seem, was the way that Bulgakov passed. Interesting facts about the life of the writer, which we will introduce below, will make it possible to make sure of this.

Features of creativity

In the 1920s, Bulgakov's work was perceivedcritics are very negative. In many respects, because the writer did not support Soviet ideas and did not praise the new regime. For example, the play "Running" was not put on stages, since critics called it anti-Soviet.

The writer publicly declared that the revolution prefers evolution. Not surprisingly, Bulgakov's house was searched many times by NKVD officers, and the writer himself was practically persecuted almost all his life.

Soul sale

I showed some interest in variousmystical subjects in mythology and literature Bulgakov. Interesting facts about the author's life include the moment when he was fascinated by the opera Faust. Bulgakov several times was at the Bolshoi Theater. Especially the author liked the image of the main character, Faust, and the motive of selling the soul associated with him.

Shortly, Bulgakov was forced to agree toStalin's proposal - to write a glorifying play. After that, Mikhail Afanasyevich began to compare himself with Faust - he also had to "sell the soul to the devil."

Missing character

A very peculiar person was Bulgakov(interesting facts from life testify to this). For example, in 1937 several writers were to present a series of plays dedicated to the anniversary of the death of Alexander Pushkin. Bulgakov was one of these writers and also presented his play, entitled "Alexander Pushkin". However, what was the surprise of the audience when the main character did not appear on the stage.

Bulgakov considered that it would be tasteless and vulgar to bring to the stage an actor dressed up in the costume of a great Russian writer. Therefore, the author found it inadmissible to appear on stage "Pushkin".

Treasure

The "treasure" of Mikhail Bulgakov in the first place,of course, connected with the novel "The White Guard". The fact is that he described in great detail his Kiev house in the work, making it one of the key places for action. In this house the heroes hid treasures. Many readers perceived this as truth. So soon the house was dismantled literally by brick. By this time, Bulgakov was no longer its owners, but this fact was extremely negatively perceived by the new owners.

However, despite all efforts, the treasure was never found. And from the house there was only a foundation.

Beloved

Strangely, but the fact that the novel "Master and Margarita"was devoted to his beloved author Nyurenberg Elena Sergeevna, not everyone knows. This woman was the last beloved of Bulgakov. At the time of the meeting, both of them already had families, so relations brought not only happiness, but suffering.

To write the novel Bulgakov began in 1929year, and a few years before that he had been given the book "Venediktov, or the memorable events of my life" by A. Chayanov. The main heroes of this book were the devil and a student with the name Bulgakov, who is forced to fight the prince of darkness for the soul of his beloved. The story ended with a combination of lovers. It is believed that this choice became the impetus for writing "The Master and Margarita".

Woland

"Master and Margarita" is the most famousa work of all that Bulgakov wrote. Biography, interesting facts and features of creativity are therefore often associated with this creation. In this regard, we can not ignore the figure of Woland. Bulgakov borrowed for his Mephistopheles the name from the poem "Faust" of Goethe. So the devil himself called himself, when asked the evil spirit to give him the way.

The first edition of The Master and Margarita containsa detailed description of Woland, which took 15 pages. However, from the publication Bulgakov removed this enumeration of all the signs, and at the moment this part of the novel is almost lost.

In addition, in some drafts, along withWoland meets the name of Astaroth. However, later Bulgakov refused this name, perhaps because Astarot is called a powerful demon, but not a ruler of hell.

"The Dog" Bulgakov

The notorious story "The Dog's Heart" hassuch a common interpretation: Sharikov is a typical representative of the lumpen proletariat, who, having gained power, begins to exterminate his own kind. However, there is a less well-known interpretation.

So, Sharikov (on the second name Chugunkin) -Stalin, since both have an "iron" surname. Professor Preobrazhensky-Lenin, who transformed the entire country (the opening of the professor is compared with the change in the political system). Dr. Bormental is Trotsky, because he constantly conflicts with Sharikov-Stalin. Shvonder is Kamenev, and Zina is Zinoviev, and so on.

Cat Hippo

This is another wonderful character, which was invented by Bulgakov. Biography (interesting facts, in particular) suggests that Behemoth had a real prototype.

However, he was not a cat, but Bulgakov's favorite black dog named Behemoth. The animal was distinguished by the mind, and the author was attached to it.

"Ivan Vasilyevich is changing his profession"

In 1934 Mikhail Bulgakov wrote widelyknown today play "Ivan Vasilyevich." When the work was only written, many were afraid that it would not be delivered because of the strong similarity between Ivan the Terrible and Stalin.

It turned out to be true. The play was seen by spectators only in 1973, when the adaptation was undertaken by Leonid Gaidai. The director tried to preserve the original plot as much as possible, however, the realities of the 30s of the 20th century had to be changed to the 70s. Nevertheless, the film had a dizzying success.

Bulgakov's House

Or "Bulgakov House" is a famous museum-theater in Moscow, located on Bolshaya Sadovaya Street, in house No. 10. Here, from 1921 to 1924, lived a writer.

In the museum there is an exposition dedicated tolife and work of Bulgakov, which is permanent. In addition, the museum hosts various exhibitions dedicated to the writer. Often they occupy even the space outside the apartment - a platform on the stairs, a summer veranda, a courtyard.