Current and workover of wells
Most of the work that you need to enter intooperation of wells are associated with the descent of deep pumps, compressor pipes, as well as pumping rods. In the course of their activities, various breakdowns may occur. Regardless of the mode of operation (compressor or pump), if the normal operation is disturbed, the pressure drops drastically or the supply of liquid completely stops. Depending on the degree of complexity of breakdowns for the resumption of full-fledged operations, current and major repairs of wells are required.
Restore normal operationis associated with the lifting of equipment from under the ground to the surface for repair, by eliminating the breaks and unscrewing of the pumping rods. An important role is played by cleaning from sand plugs by rinsing or bailing.
Well repair due to a violation of their technological mode of operation includes:
- replacement of tubing with analogues of a different diameter;
- change in length of lifting pipes;
- elimination of broken bars;
- replacement of wellhead equipment;
- installation of electric centrifugal pumps.
But this is not a major repair of wells. All these works are related to current events. They are carried out by special brigades, which are engaged in underground removal of breakdowns. Capital repairs of wells are more complex and large-scale measures. These include:
- elimination of accidents associated with casing failure (crushing or breakage);
- drainage of water that appeared in the well;
- work associated with the transition to another horizon;
- catching broken cables, pipes, tartal ropes and other equipment.
Well overhaul is carried outspecial brigades. The main task of personnel engaged in ongoing operations and other fishers is to contribute to reducing the timing of these activities and maximize the uninterrupted service life of the well during its operation. Overhaul period is the duration of the actual normal operation of the equipment, that is, the time between two scheduled repairs.
To increase the intervals of this time,the well-known underground and major repairs of wells are important. To ensure the continuity of work, ground and underground activities are combined. Schedules of such events are prepared in advance on the fields.
In brigades that perform routine repairs, bothThe rule consists of three people: the operator at the mouth, his assistant and the chauffeur-tractor driver operating the winch. Usually they work on a rotational basis. Capital repairs of wells are carried out by special teams that are part of various service departments and enterprises of gas and oil companies.
