Reinforced concrete and concrete steps for stairs: description, features, GOST and dimensions

Today everyone has become accustomed to reinforced concretestep, and not so long ago they were a real innovation in the field of construction. The combination of concrete and frame made of metal made it possible to form a durable and lasting combination, which is still in high demand today.

Universal material

For places that have a great deal of terrain,the concrete steps are ideally suited. They do not appear lateral chips, cracks, scratches, stripes from the heels. They also do not deteriorate from such atmospheric phenomena as wind, rain and snow. The plane does not absorb dirt and water, it is easily laundered. There are concrete products almost everywhere, due to the variety of sizes, simplified installation and durability. GOST concrete steps regulate depending on their main component. And the most common are the GOST 8717.1-84.

Often a mixture is used for the production of concrete productsheavy, light and silicate concrete. The products are practically invulnerable and designed for use at temperatures up to -40 ° C. They are able to withstand 300 cycles of freezing, while the appearance and composition are practically unchanged. That is why elements from concrete have become widespread in many countries for the transformation of territories and erection of buildings.

Features of use

Steps concrete for stairs can beused for screw and flight options, fixed on a monolithic base or kosuroh. They have a prefabricated structure, which makes it possible to easily replace one or more stages.

Such a ladder will look harmonious both onexit from a private house, and in a building with many floors. Concrete steps are used for stairs and in confined spaces. The assembly structure can have any size, width and height. But in one turn of the staircase there must be at least 15 elements.

Types

At first glance it may seem that the steps are all the same, but they are divided into several types:

Lower frieze step. It is the connecting element between the lower step of the ladder and the floor. From the main it differs only by the presence of a special console, due to which the fastening on the slab is carried out.
Fascial high step. It implements the same functions as the lower one, and is located between the top of the ladder and the platform.
The main steps are used during the staircase.
Square liner. It is a special stage, mounted after the main stage. It is provided for a short load.

The types of reinforced concrete products listed above, find their ownapplication in both external and internal works. Even on a small porch, the descent must have frieze steps, a liner and the main ones. So the design is able to transfer all loads.

Material for manufacturing

To create concrete steps, different types of source material are used:

Silicate concrete. It is a modern variation of building artificial material. It is produced by a method of mixing sand of quartz type, quicklime ground lime and quartz ground sand. The material, depending on the fillers used, can be cellular, medium-dense and dense. It is often used to create support and bearing floors.
Light type of concrete. It is similar in cut to pumice stone and is made of porous mineral and organic aggregates. It can be arbolit, vermiculite and others. Its name is due to a porous internal structure. The composition affects both the appearance and the properties of the product. This species is distinguished by its high strength, despite its heterogeneous structure.
Heavy concrete. He is the most popular. The filler base divides it into application areas and brands. It is made of gravel, sand and quartz. The obtained products have found their application in underwater, interior and ground works. It is possible to produce both individual elements and ladder monolithic marches.

Appearance

There are established standards and requirements forparameters of steps and their appearance. So, on the side of the product there must be a specialized fastening or a loop, for the possibility of installing the handrail. A nest is located at the bottom for fixing and fastening the steps. Folding devices are used to connect the strings and stairs. Particular attention is paid to the coincidence of the axes of the step and Kosovra.

The RC designs are divided into right-handed andleft-handed. Finding fasteners for the handrail depends on this parameter. It is also worth noting the angle of ascent. Stairs with a steep slope are used for descent from the attic or porch. In this case, the appearance is not particularly important, and the steps themselves have concrete dimensions of up to 17 cm in height. After installation, they are usually decorated with metal plates and decorative elements. And, thanks to the carefully selected lining, it is possible to transform the most unsightly staircase.

The concrete steps differ in the externalcharacteristics. They are standard, made from a heavy type of material. If the silicate or light variant is taken as a basis, then the heavy one will be used as the upper layer. An artificial, indelible coating may be present on the surface.

The construction on the Kosower can be either outside or inside the structure. The appearance of a narrow descent into the basement or a neat little staircase will not spoil the concrete and concrete steps. Dimensions products can be different, depending on the customer's request, but in general the steps are produced, the height of which is 33 mm, the width is 150 mm, and the length is 1050 mm.

Addition of a design

For a special decoration of the structures describedwidely used color mosaic. Thanks to this, it was possible to combine fashion trends and cement strength. In addition, the steps are made with or without handrails (to make the structure light). But from the handrails still should not be abandoned, to improve security. And if it is impossible to install them, it is desirable to have a support wall.

Advantages

Concrete steps are the best choice. They have practically no drawbacks. It is necessary to note their main advantages:

Practicality. If the staircase of a non-representative gray type does not fit, it is possible to cladding with ceramic granite, clinker or tile.
Strength. No damage with reinforced daily loads, and the material withstands any impacts and damage.
Versatility. It can be used in any building, be it a townhouse, multi-storey building, airport, train station, school or hospital.
Durability. Concrete steps stand without chips and cracks for at least ten years.