Ventilation in the house
Imagine that ventilation in the house orthere is no apartment. Inevitably, there would be a problem of dampness, unpleasant odor, sickness, irritated people, etc. American scientists found that because of improper ventilation of flats in 2006, 5,000 people died of various illnesses in the world and about 10,000,000 suffer from various ailments.
Therefore, building codes require that the systemventilation in the apartment, in warehouses, offices, in domestic and utility rooms was installed during the construction period. Want to feel comfortable both at home and in the office, want a healthy sleep, and at work tirelessness and ingenious ideas? Take care of a good ventilation system.
An important point in the design of room ventilation is the frequency of air exchange, which determines the possibility (number of times) of this system to replace the entire volume of air in the room within an hour.
Ventilation - controlled air exchange,It is necessary to remove the exhaust air from the room and replace it with an outside air, to maintain the relative humidity and temperature, to remove vapors of harmful substances and dust. Ventilation in the house must ensure the sanitary and hygienic norms of the air environment. Under this notion in technology, often referred to as equipment systems, devices and devices for these purposes.
More MV. Lomonosov created the theory of air movement in pipes and canals. But before the beginning of the XIX century, ventilation was reduced to ventilation, then begins to develop a system with a thermal, very imperfect, the motivation of supply and exhaust air. And only with the advent of centrifugal fans technology is rapidly being improved. The next stage of development is the appearance of electric motors with variable speed of revolutions. Today, ventilation in the house is carried out through the use of special systems (a set of devices for the supply, transportation, treatment and disposal of air) classified according to the following characteristics:
- With natural and mechanical movement of air.
- Supply and exhaust ventilation system.
- Common, emergency, local, smoke.
- Channelless and channel.
Ventilation in the house is arranged according to the established algorithm: air exchange is considered and the section of air ducts is selected, the type of system is selected and its circuit is drawn up.
For comfort in the house is important not only freshair, its temperature, but also the speed of movement of air currents. From this point of view, natural ventilation is most comfortable, but it is not enough. Therefore, when building a house from scratch, it is necessary to perform ventilation ducts in the walls of the kitchen, baths and bathrooms. Its cross-section should be small, therefore it is necessary to apply mechanical ventilation. In this case, the air exchange is performed due to the difference in pressure created by the ejector or fan.
In apartment buildings during construction usuallya vertical ventilation duct is installed to remove the "used" air, and fresh comes through doors, windows. Air exchange occurs due to the difference in temperature and pressure inside and outside the room, direction and strength of the wind. But natural ventilation is usually not enough to create a microclimate, you need a compulsory maximally compact and economical system. Typical solutions to this problem are channel conditioning or intake and exhaust ventilation.
Channel air conditioning is advisable in apartmentsa large area and a complex layout. The air conditioner takes air from the room, mixes it with the incoming from the street and sends it to the rooms through a network of air ducts.
The supply and exhaust ventilation is provided by the air circulation through the window valves (at the top of the plastic window) or the fans and ventilation ducts of the house.
The exhaust system is most often used forindustrial facilities. It supports favorable meteorological parameters in premises for different purposes and consists, as a rule, of an air intake grille and air valve, a filter and a heater or an air heater, a sound attenuator and a fan, air ducts and air distributors controlling the automation. Most often, the supply and exhaust system is set up as a general exchange (for the whole room) and local (in the workplace with harmful emissions) with a balanced output.
