Power of energy-saving lamps (table). Comparison of energy saving lamps and incandescent lamps

The increase in the cost of electricity leads toThe need to find ways to reduce its costs. A significant part of it is spent on lighting, where for a long time the incandescent lamp predominated as a source of light. Now there are more economical light sources. Here the main indicator is the power of energy-saving lamps. The table of their comparison with conventional lamps is given in advertisements or in comparative characteristics.

The incandescent lamp consists of a sealed bulb,filled with an inert gas, with a tungsten helix inside. When an electric current passes through it, a glow is formed. Up to 90% of electricity here goes into heat. At the same time, it does not last long and has a small light power.

The light output and color reproduction of the incandescent lamp was increased by adding halogen vapors to the inert gases. At the same time, its operation principle remained the same, and the power consumption decreased by 40%.

Fluorescent lamps

As an alternative light source already withFor a long time a fluorescent lamp (LL) is used, the efficiency of which is 70%. It consists of a sealed glass tube filled with an inert gas and mercury vapor. Inside, a phosphor layer is applied to the glass surface, which starts to glow when the lamp is ignited from the ballast. In everyday life, the use of LL is not very convenient, as a result of which they have been made more compact by placing the trigger device inside the plinth. Due to this, the lamp can work together with standard cartridges. As a result, it can be installed instead of a conventional incandescent lamp without reworking the lamp, which is a virtue. It is important to correctly determine the voltage it is designed for.

A compact fluorescent lamp is called energy-saving (ESL) and it has become widely used.

Characteristics of energy-saving lamps

The efficiency of all types of lamps is estimated by the following indicators.

1. Power - the amount of electricity consumed within one hour, W.
2. Light efficiency - the amount of light per 1 spent watt, Lm / W. The luminous flux of energy-saving lamps is 5 times greater than that of standard light sources.
3. Color rendering index - the level of correspondence between the apparent and natural colors of the illuminated body%.

Energy Saving Lamps: Types and Power

Fluorescent lamps at first createdwithout standards, because they were used primarily as light advertising, where each product was different from the others. Their use as lighting devices has led to the need for grouping by characteristics, so that it can be selected to the appropriate wiring or luminaire. The main properties of lamps can be determined by marking.

The first letter of domestic marking reflects the color: B - white, Y - universal, D - day, C - improved color rendition, etc.

In the international marking the codecolor, where the first figure reflects the color rendering index (for the house it should be equal to 8), and the other two - the color temperature in hundreds of degrees (for the house used 827, 830, 836).

The plinths are designated E40 (for high-power lamps), E27 (standard), E14. (smaller diameter - 14 mm). Energy-saving lamps E14 are designated with a diameter of 14 mm.

For ESL, pin pins are often used: 2D, G23, 2G7, GU, etc.

Power is indicated in watts in front of the letter W. A 11w energy-saving lamp with screw and pin bases is common.

ESL with a smooth switch is indicated by RS.

The voltage of the lamp is indicated in volts: 12 V, 126 V, 220 V.

The ESL labeling usually indicates all the main parameters. Some manufacturers may have a different layout, but it's easy to understand here.

LED lamp

Another new energy-saving sourcelighting was the LED lamp, which created a real breakthrough in energy efficiency. It allows to further reduce power consumption, as well as improve light output, increase the service life and improve fire safety. All these qualities are provided by the built-in matrix, which is a series of connected LEDs. The intensity of light depends on their quantity.

Comparison of energy saving lamps and incandescent lamps

Traditionally, the lamps are selected by power, but now it is more correct to evaluate them by the light flux, since the illumination of the room depends on it.

The consumer is accustomed to assess the illumination bypower of incandescent lamps. Therefore, it is convenient for him to estimate the power of energy-saving lamps (table) by equal illumination created by different types of light sources.

The table clearly shows the dependencepower consumption from the type of light source. Here it is obvious that ESLs have significantly less power at the same brightness with an incandescent lamp. However, at different manufacturers brightness can essentially differ from the declared. In addition, the amount of light depends on the volume of the bulb: the smaller it is, the lower the light flux. When choosing an ESL store, it should be evaluated according to the declared characteristic, the size of the bulb and amendment in the direction of increasing the stock. In addition, it should be taken into account that the incandescent lamp creates uniform illumination in all directions, and the LED has a directional flow. If a diffuser is mounted on it, it takes some of the power.

Of no small importance is the spectrum of the lamp. With increasing brightness, the power consumption for creating the same luminous flux is reduced.

Selection of ESL

Energy-saving lamps are selected bycharacteristics. The easiest way to assess the necessary power of energy-saving lamps. The comparison table with other types of lamps is available in any store. The power of ESL should be 5 times less than that of an incandescent lamp. For example, instead of a 100-watt standard lamp, an energy-saving lamp of 20 W can be used.

The light spectrum of all the bulbs should be the same tone. In the living rooms are preferred soft tones (warm glow).

The size and shape of the lamp depends, first of all, ontype of cartridge and permissible dimensions of the lamp. The cheapest bulbs are U-shaped, and spirals cost more. Standard sizes are usually suitable for large chandelier or floor lamps. For small lamp caps, compact energy-saving lamps E14 are selected.

Sometimes the new ESL blink, which may be relatedwith the presence of a backlight in the switch. Then you should remove the indicator from it or purchase an LED or halogen lamp. From a poor-quality product you need to immediately refuse, and buy a product of guaranteed quality, despite the higher price.

Dimmers

Adjusting the brightness of standard lampsis produced by varying the power. When it is reduced to the value of the PD (dimming threshold), the light turns off. In all types of lamps, except for fluorescent, PD is close to zero and there are no problems with regulation of illumination.

Dimming ESL

For ESL, the combustion is maintained at a power not lower than 10% of the nominal value, but to start the dimmer it must be set to a level of at least 30%, and after switching on the lamp it can be reduced.

It is advisable to apply brightness controls totriacs, without rectifying the current, which makes it possible to save on the absence of power losses from the diode bridges. Despite this, the dimmer is an additional load. In addition, from "cold starts" fluorescent lamps are quickly out of order. The depth of dimming for ordinary lamps is very low, and to expand it and provide the necessary margin of safety, you should buy special expensive lamps that have a special electronic stuffing.

Dimmable LED bulbs

The LED lamp changes the brightness according to theof the magnitude of the passing current. For it, there is an optimal mode, at which the light output is maximum. Here it is necessary to take into account that when the power is changed, the shade of luminescence changes accordingly. To keep it the same, dimmable LED lamps and dimmers are used, which maintain a constant current amplitude with a change in the pulse current step. Naturally, this is reflected in the price increase.

Producers try to produce products that satisfy consumers' needs as much as possible. Philips has released models of lamps that normally work with conventional dimmers.

Conclusion

Energy-saving lamps with guaranteedquality match the declared parameters and provide electricity savings when properly operated. It is easy to choose the power of energy-saving lamps, the table of conformity of which to standard incandescent lamps is attached everywhere for comparison. In order to control the illumination of rooms, dimmable lamps and compatible brightness controls should be used.