Lathes 1K62: device, characteristic, repair and operation
Lathes 1К62 - reliable andproductive devices designed primarily for use in individual and small-scale production. They can be used for processing parts from different structural materials: non-ferrous and ferrous metals, cast iron, etc. It is possible to produce threading of any kind, as well as Archimedean spirals, on these machines.
Equipment History
Modern lathes 1K62 areimproved modification of one of the oldest and high-quality models of the Soviet era 1D62 series DIP200. This equipment was produced at the Krasny Proletary plant from 1949 to 1956. The abbreviation DIP means "catch up and overtake", and the figures after it - the height of the centers above the bed. The machines of this series were universal and had a speed box.
The new model 1K62 was launched in 1956. From 1D62 it is distinguished first of all such improvements and modifications:
- more powerful engine;
- V-belt drive (instead of belt);
- three handles of spindle speed;
- reinforced friction clutch;
- Reverse mechanism used for threading;
- an electric pump for supplying coolant, etc.
At present, both 1K62 machines and their even more perfect version are used in production - the 1K625 model.
Equipment advantages
Lathes 1K62 belong to the class of devicesfrontal type and can be used for processing of small blanks of very large diameters. The spindle of the model is mounted on special bearings, providing its rigidity. Therefore, on machine tools 1K62 it is allowed to perform machining, including hardened metal parts. The main advantages of this model include:
- high power of the main drive;
- strength of all elements of kinematic feed chains;
- vibration resistance;
- wide range of speeds;
- The possibility of using tools such as mineral ceramics and carbide tools for a lathe.
The rear beam of 1K62 machines is displaced intransverse direction. This makes it possible to process gently sloping cones. Moving the carriage in the longitudinal direction, if necessary, is limited by a special stop. When using it, the maximum speed of the caliper is 250 mm / min.
Design Features
The repair and operation of the machines of this modification must be carried out exclusively by highly qualified specialists. The design of this equipment is quite complicated.
Box frame machine 1K62 addedtransverse ribs. It rests on two hollow legs. The left main motor is mounted in the left, the pump on the right, pump the cooling liquid to the place of processing of the workpieces. Rotary movement to the spindle is transmitted along the chain "friction shaft / multi-disc clutch / gear mechanism".
The apron of the machine is equipped with four couplingscam-type, allowing to carry out both direct and reverse carriage stroke. Simultaneous switching of the transverse and longitudinal gears is eliminated due to the presence of a special locking device.
Lathe for metal 1K62 is suppliedthree-jaw self-centering cartridges with a diameter of 250 mm. If necessary, they can be replaced with a 4-cam version 400 mm. The fastening of the parts in the cartridge is done by means of a key without the use of levers.
Work on the machines of this modification, among other things, can be carried out using the lunettes - mobile with a diameter of installation of 20-80 mm and a stationary one at 20-130 mm.
Electroscheme
The device of lathe 1К62 is rather complicated. The nodes and mechanisms in this equipment are numerous. Their work is provided by engines operating from the 220 V network.
As the main drive in machines 1K62asynchronous short-circuited. The rotation speed of the spindle is controlled by the speed gear pinion. The second motor, also asynchronous, is responsible for the movement of the support. To ensure a long service life of 1K62 machines, a thermal relay is provided in their design. It switches off the equipment in case of overheating.
In addition to the spindle motors and the support in the machine toolsThis modification has hydrant motors and a cooling pump. The supply of the control circuit is obtained via a separating transformer. Start the main run motor by pressing a special button. At the same time, the motors of the pump and the hydrant are switched on.
Rapid movement of the support is carried out byturn the corresponding handle on the apron of the machine. When the operator performs this action, the contact of the switch entering the design closes the coil circuit, which transfers the voltage to the motor. The spindle of the machine is turned on by turning the friction clutch of the control handle upwards.
Machines 1K62 equipped with local lighting with lamps at 36 V. The latter feeds from a separate winding transformer.
Typical malfunctions
Most often, 1K62 lathes have to be repaired for the following reasons:
- The impossibility of switching gears. Eliminate this problem in some cases helps to turn off the electric motor and its switching on the "coast-stop".
- Arbitrary stopping of the working tool. This usually happens simply because of the operation of the thermal relay. In this case, it is recommended to reduce the processing speed of the workpieces.
- Cooling pump off. You can correct the situation by adding water to the tank.
- Vibration of the machine. The cause of this problem is usually an incorrect installation.
- Low precision machining of parts. To correct the situation, you should try adjusting the rear beam, tighten the part or tighten the fastening straps of the cartridge.
Specifications
The device of lathe 1К62 allowsTo carry out on it works of the most different kind on the preparations made of those or other metals. The versatility and high performance of this equipment are determined by its excellent performance characteristics, which can be found in the table below.
Characteristic | Value |
Workpiece height above bed | Maximum of 400 mm |
Maximum workpiece length | 1000 mm |
Diameter of the workpiece above the support | 220 mm |
Machine weight | 2140 kg |
Dimensions | 2812 x 1166 x 1324 |
Main engine power | 10 kW |
Motor power of the caliper drive | 0.75 or 1.1 kW |
Cooling Pump | 0.12 kW |
Thread limits | 0.5-192 mm |
Number of threads | 45 |
Number of longitudinal gears | 0.7-4.16 mm / rev |
Transverse | 0.035-2.8 mm / rev |
Maximum torque | 2 kNm |
Maximum workpiece mass | In the cartridge - 300 kg, in the centers - 1300 kg |
As you can see, lathe 1K62, characteristicswhich is simply remarkable, can be successfully used in the shops of enterprises and is distinguished by high quality and reliability. Installation of such equipment allows you to manufacture parts at high speed, avoid downtime and ultimately significantly improve the profitability of production.
Safety instructions for switching on
Of course, the lathes of this brand, likemetal cutting machines, milling machines and others - the equipment in operation is quite dangerous. In their design there are moving and rotating at high speed elements. In the latter, the worker's clothing, his hair, etc., can get stuck (or wound around them). The consequences of falling into moving and rotating parts of body parts can be truly catastrophic.
Therefore, the repair and operation of lathes of this modification, like any other, are procedures that require compliance with certain safety standards. Before you start, the turner must:
- wear overalls, glasses, fasten your sleeves and inspect the workplace;
- check the serviceability of the cartridge guard;
- adjust lighting;
- check idle running of control elements, lubrication and cooling systems, fixing of the levers;
- check the integrity of the protection nodes.
Features of operation
While working on the machine, it is forbidden:
- rely on the frame;
- allow the swirling of the chips on the part;
- allow cleaning in the room;
- To process the parts in case of vibration.
Disconnect the 1K62 machine follows a temporarytermination of work, in the event of a power outage, when lubricating and cleaning its components. To pull out the plug from the mains or turn the handles to the "off" position is also assumed when performing an operation such as repair of the lathe 1K62: replacement of parts and components, tightening of nuts, etc.
Installation Rules
In order for this equipment to functionas effectively as possible, it must be properly mounted. When installing in the first place, a grounding system should be provided. Wires in the control cabinet are built from below through a special hole. For the hydrant, a separate earthing is arranged.
The equipment itself must be installedas accurately as possible. In order to achieve this, the level should be used. In case of distortions, the frame begins to vibrate. In addition, with this type of equipment, metal cutting machines, milling machines, etc. are usually installed. In this case, everything depends on the features of the production.
Machine tools 1К62 - reliable and qualitativeequipment, very easy to use. Provided that the installation is correct and the operating instructions are followed, it will pay off fairly quickly. Moreover, the price for it is relatively low - 150-200 thousand rubles.
