Donation is what?

Currently, it is difficult to find a sphereactivities in which there was no place for charity. Television and radio broadcasting, mass media, the worldwide Internet, culture and art, politics, economics and law, healthcare - in all areas of modern life there is sponsorship. Such multifaceted activities can manifest themselves in different ways: in actions, cultural events for the purpose of raising funds, in advertising, additional collection of donations. This is not only charity, but also support for various programs and projects.

Definitions of donation

The process of donating materialmeans for the use of legal entities and individuals is called a donation. This is a specific term, different from donation and denoting optional payment as a token of gratitude for any service or purchased thing. Material contributions are made only from an internal motive to thank or provide support. Their value is determined by the donor himself, depending on the state of his finances. Voluntary donations are not only money, it can be useful household items, clothes, own products, food.

How it appeared

The most popular in our time and historically the mostAn ancient example of alms is collecting donations for creative performances. Spectators and listeners paid street artists (musicians, clowns, magicians, dancers) for their performances or watched for free. Charitable donations of a global scale were the products of light industry during the wars. Material assistance in the form of food, clothing and money was turned out to be soldiers of the Second World War. Humanitarian support to a number of countries where hostilities are taking place, there are financial and social difficulties, to date comes from more stable and developed countries.

Types of sponsorship

Donor organizations provide irrevocablefinancial and technical support to those in need after a competitive selection. Patronage is the material assistance of an individual from a personal account. Patrons patronize the institutions of culture, science, art, education and health. Legal entities and individuals can donate funds through sponsorship.

Sponsors have some advantages in the form ofadvertising agitation for their organization - increase its recognition, competitiveness, informability in the media at the expense of their donations. Various social projects and philanthropy are directly related to fundraising - the collection of necessary funds. Private and state sponsoring organizations, donors, patrons, investors, grant-making institutions act as sources of additional contributions. They can help financially companies, individuals, funds, government bodies.

What is called a donation contract

This document is a special case of donation,its main feature is the common purpose in which donations are made. This certificate in writing, describing the obligations of the donor and the donee. The law prohibits the conclusion of such contracts between business entities. But if in a contract only one party is a commercial institution, then it can act both as a donor and as a concubine. From legal entities, the contract must be signed by general directors.

What should be in the donation contract

The preamble should indicate the persons whosign the document, or their trustees. The subject matter of the contract defines the material benefits that are provided by the donor. He can donate movable and immovable property, securities, property rights, money. Items of donation are also described here: amount, currency, quality, condition, everything related to the contribution. The following paragraph shall specify the conditions under which the transfer is effected. It specifies the time limits for the operation of the treaty, emergency situations (the risk of death of one of the parties), a list of actions taken during the verification of the donation, the need to involve experts. Further, the purposes in which the donation will be used are indicated. This must necessarily apply to the common good, otherwise the document will be regarded as an act of giving. The clause specifies situations in which the donee can use the gift not for its intended purpose, and the conditions for carrying out the reporting.

The next section clarifies the circumstanceschange and termination of the contract. In case of non-acceptance of the gift, the donor is entitled to request compensation, if it is specified in the contract. He can cancel the transfer in case of failure to comply with the requirements of the contracted person, described for the purposes of the contract. In the penultimate paragraph, the parties agree on the actions in case of disputes and the terms of their resolution in the selected court. Disputes include conflicts based on the requirements of the donor, violations of agreements, improper exploitation of donations and the cancellation of the transfer of gift. In the final part, the moment when the document enters into legal force and the terms of its validity is established. If the parties have not determined the time, the contract will remain in force until the end of the performance of the obligations by the donor and the concluded.

The use of crowd-framing

In the era of developed information technologies forcollection of finance is absolutely not necessary to put a box for donations. Kraudfanding plays an important role in the creation of various projects in the field of information. Its essence lies in the fact that a group of people or a whole community collects money to finance a startup, whether it's games or software. They can also support small businesses and private businesses, help those affected by natural disasters, support political and social actions, take part in the creation of cultural, scientific and artistic objects. In turn, investors get preferential rights to a product they sponsored: early access to the program, exclusive edition of the book, exclusive attributes of the project, reduced cost for the final product, etc. Comics, video games, movies, music - a whole entertainment industry is built on the donations of people interested in this. Creative, scientific, production projects are mostly realized thanks to crowdfinding.

Advantages of crowdsourcing

The subject of donation in the general sense cannot only material means, but also human resources: intellectual and creative. Infocommunication technologies allow people to unite from all corners of the world and work together on a common project, connecting individual abilities. For example, in this way it is possible to develop open software, to the design and functionality of which the efforts of specialists of various categories will be completely free of charge. By the forces of volunteers and with the help of crowdfunding, the world-famous Internet encyclopedia - "Wikipedia" also functions. The main advantage of crowdsourcing is that a lot of prospective and talented personnel from different countries are involved in the work on the project, and it does not matter what nationality they belong to, and with what professional training the volunteers start to work.

Contributions of our time

Basically, donations of our timerepresent free access to information products, the use of which involves arbitrary payment or royalty-free copying. Many musicians, whose work has a dedicated audience, organize tours and release albums at the expense of funds collected from fans. Writers and directors, technicians and scientists respond to their projects from the interested public and implement them. Developers of low-budget or unfinished games collect donations for further development also on the principle of crowdfinding. Different donation organizations place on their sites a button "Donat", which allows any user to financially support their activities.

The main plus of charity

Most people have an altruistic warehousecharacter, by their nature they tend to help the needy and to create better living conditions. There is the economic term "warmth of altruism", which explains the joy of a person in the process of transferring their finances in favor and for the benefit of others. Therefore, giving, the donor feels moral satisfaction with his action. Charity and donations bring joy to both the giver and the receiver.