Endocervix - what is it? Functions of endocervix

In the human body there are many importantbodies. Some of them are necessary for life, while others perform additional functions. In this article we will talk about the concept of "endocervix". What it is and what functions this element performs, you will learn from everything described below. To begin with it is necessary to say that endocervix is ​​exclusively in the female body.

Endocervix: what is it?

Endocervix is ​​called the mucosa,which covers the inside of the cervical aperture. The canal of the cervix, in turn, connects the genital organ and the vagina of the woman. It is on this path that the fetus passes during natural birth.

Endocervix consists of so-called pores that work continuously and secrete cervical fluid. The intensity and nature of the discharge depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle and the amount of hormones.

Diagnosis of endocervix

Endocervix (what is it, you already know)is examined most often with the help of an ultrasound vaginal sensor, but there are alternative methods of diagnosis. Thanks to them it is possible to detect various pathologies of the cervical canal. Let's consider the most popular ways, how it is possible to diagnose the cervical canal.

Manual inspection

The cervical canal can be palpated during a gynecological examination. The doctor observes that this passage is closed. If there is a small extension, then it must be noted.

Also, during the examination, a short cervix of the uterus is sometimes found, but this may be an erroneous conclusion. If you suspect a possible pathology, ultrasound is always prescribed.

Ultrasound examination

Endocervix is ​​always examined duringconducting ultrasound. In the study protocol there is a separate paragraph, which describes this part of the female body. If a short cervix is ​​found during the diagnosis, then its size must be indicated.

It is worth noting that such a phenomenon does not deliverthe woman is not disturbed and most often comes to light accidentally. However, during pregnancy, it is necessary to correct the endocervix correctly. Treatment often involves suturing the cervix. Otherwise, premature birth or miscarriage can begin, which can not be stopped.

Examination of girls not sexually active

If the fair sex does not lead a sexual life and is a virgin, manual or vaginal examination by the sensor is impossible. How can we diagnose endocervix in this case?

If necessary, such representatives of the weaker sex should be given an ultrasound examination with a special sensor that helps to inspect the internal organs through the abdominal wall.

Endoservix biopsy

Another examination of the inner membrane of the cervix is ​​a biopsy. In the course of manipulation, endocervical cells are taken. After that, laboratory assistants examine the material under a microscope and issue their conclusion.

This procedure is performed under local anesthesia. The patient does not feel pain or discomfort.

What can be the pathologies of endocervix?

Endocervix (what is it, described above) canhave different pathologies. Most often on this mucous membrane there are various neoplasms. So, during an ultrasound examination, polyps or cysts can be detected. All these tumors should be treated. Depending on the complexity of the pathology, a conservative or surgical method of correction is chosen.

Functions of endocervix

Since the work of the mucous membrane of the cervixdepends on the production of hormones on a certain day of the cycle, then the thickness of the endocervix varies in a similar way. The functions of this part directly depend on the cyclic changes.

Beginning of the menstrual cycle

From the first day of menstruation, the enlargement beginsendocervix. It happens under the influence of the hormone estrogen. Simultaneously, rejection of the endometrium (inner layer of the genital organ) begins. Together with the blood, the separated mucous membrane passes through the cervical canal, which during this period secrete mucus in small amounts.

The function of endocervix at this stage is excretory. Mucous helps to cleanse the uterus due to dilated pores.

Time before ovulation

Immediately after the end of menstruation, the cervical canal narrows and lengthens. At this stage, the functions of the endocervix are completely invisible. The pores of the inner membrane are narrowed and practically do not emit mucus.

During this period, the action of hormones is directed tothe growth of follicles and the formation of the endometrium. That is why endocervix is ​​in the most inactive state. All diagnoses of this mucosa are carried out during this period.

Endocervix during ovulation

At this stage, the endocervical function is very important. Before the release of the egg, the pores of the mucous membrane expand. Thanks to this, an abundant release of mucus starts, in which the male gametes can move freely.

Also during this period there is an insignificant expansion of the cervical canal and its length becomes smaller. All this happens in order for conception to come.

After ovulation

Immediately after rupture of the follicle and releasefemale gametes there is a strong transformation of endocervix. Pores of the mucous membrane narrow and cease to secrete fertile fluid. At this stage, a woman can note a small amount of creamy cervical mucus.

Before menstruation

If the conception did not occur, then the decline beginsprogesterone production. At the same time endocervix undergoes transformation. The inner part of the canal expands, and the cervix is ​​somewhat shortened.

After such a transformation, a few months later, it starts monthly.

During pregnancy

If conception has taken place, then the development of the main hormone (progesterone) increases. Under the action of this substance begins to increase the pores and release a copious amount of cervical fluid.

Slime, which is produced by endocervix,not all goes. Part of this substance remains in the cervix and forms a tight plug there. It is this part that protects the fetus from getting infections and bacteria in its body.

Cork is formed throughout pregnancy. This is the main function of endocervix in this period. This cork will be released just before the birth of the baby.

Endocervix while waiting for the baby tightlywill close. The cervix is ​​at the same time as long as possible. The condition of this mucosa is examined with each screening ultrasound study. If there is an increase in endocervix or shortening of the cervical canal, the expectant mother is placed on inpatient treatment. Women with a similar pathology are examined more carefully and prescribe a certain regimen before delivery.

During childbirth

Endocervix during natural childbirth performsa very important function. Simultaneously with contractions there is a gradual shortening of the cervix and its opening. Endocervix during this period is stretched and thinned. If the woman behaves incorrectly, this shell may break. In this case, the doctor neatly sews the damaged tissue.

If the labor passed without complications, the endocervix returns to its normal position approximately two weeks after the birth of the baby.

Conclusion

Now you know what endocervix is. Photos of this mucous membrane you can find in this article. Remember that on different days of the menstrual cycle, the appearance of the endocervix can vary greatly.

Very often during ovulation on ultrasound canCysts of endocervix are diagnosed. Treatment is not required. In most cases, these cysts are enlarged pores. In this case, the doctor prescribes a re-diagnosis after the next monthly. If neoplasms remain in their place or increase in size, then hormonal correction can be recommended. The most commonly prescribed oral contraceptives, which restore the hormonal background.

Examine the internal mucosa of the neck canalthe uterus. This will help avoid various pathologies and complications of the disease. Timely treatment guarantees a positive outcome and no relapse in the future.