Emergency conditions.
In modern medicine there is a concept"Emergency conditions" (or urgent states). So called the state of the human body, which represent an immediate danger to the life of the patient. Urgent conditions require immediate emergency treatment (first aid), diagnosis and treatment of the pathological condition.
The primary task in this case is not to cure the patient, but to transfer it from a critical and a difficult state to a stable one.
Today, urgent conditions are most vulnerablestudy and research. Both theoretical and practical tests are conducted to optimize patient stabilization schemes. In the process of such studies and experiments, doctors work out the clarity and sequence of treatment actions.
Emergency states can be causedvarious pathologies and, depending on this, require different schemes and approaches of cupping. Most often, such pathologies are found in surgical and cardiac practice. Thus, urgent conditions in surgery can be caused by the following sharply developing pathologies: duodenal ulcer or gastric (most often in perforation or penentratsii last), pancreatitis, appendicitis (the threat of rupture of its wall and peritonitis development), he peritonitis (growing at any surgical pathology) and others. Such pathological processes require immediate emergency treatment.
Urgent conditions in cardiology are most often represented by myocardial infarction, cardiac blockade, coronary heart disease, rhythm disturbance, conduction or heart excitability.
Scheme of medical care in case of emergency:
- the implementation of a complex of manipulations in the provision of first aid (performed by an outside person who has witnessed the worsening state of the patient),
- First aid (performed by average medical personnel, ambulance brigade),
- Emergency medical assistance (turns out to be highly qualified resuscitation specialists)
Such urgent conditions as prolonged loss of consciousness or coma of unspecified genesis require immediate intravenous administration of thiamine, glucose and naloxone (jet).
These three drugs perform not only a therapeutic, but also a diagnostic function.
40% of glucose is administered at a dosage of 80 milliliters. This solution is able to restore consciousness to patients with coma caused by hypoglycemia. In the case of a coma caused by a different pathological process, glucose will serve as a source of energy in this state.
Thiamine is administered intravenously in an amount of 100 mgfor active prevention of encephalopathy Wernicke, as complications of alcoholic coma. Naloxone performs its function in the event that the coma was caused by poisoning with opiates.
In most cases, insufficient quantitytime to diagnose a pathological condition makes it necessary to presume the disease according to clinical manifestations and some quick-filling laboratory and instrumental data. From the correct interpretation of the available data depends the effectiveness of treatment, and even the life of the patient.
In the treatment of such patients, special attention is paid toit is necessary to pay attention to safety precautions, since data on a person and his diseases are most often absent, which does not exclude the presence of a patient with hepatitis, tuberculosis or human immunodeficiency virus. Carrying out all manipulations (medical and diagnostic) must be carried out taking into account this feature.
