Intestinal infections in children: treatment, nutrition in this disease
No one is immune from the occurrence of intestinalinfection, especially children. They can not get used to strict adherence to hygiene rules for a long time, adults are more likely to communicate with each other, they are generously divided by toys, into which microbes enter and from unwashed after the toilet and street of hands, and from saliva during conversation and sneezing. And the intestinal infection awaits the case in order to get into the susceptible children's organism. Over time, the child will learn all these simple rules to observe, and now you need to calm down and understand important information about what intestinal infections in children - their treatment should be done correctly. You also need to remember what you should not do, and also pay close attention to those signs that say that it's time to urgently go to the hospital.
This disease, which manifests itself as diarrhea,vomiting, fever. It is caused either by a bacterium, or a virus, or protozoa, but not by their toxins, as opposed to another disease with similar symptoms, which is called foodborne disease.
How can I get an intestinal infection?
The main way of infection is with not enough washedor thermally processed food, expired products, unboiled water or milk. The second way is fecal-oral, when microbes from feces fall on the hands or toys, and from there they are put into the mouth of another child. Viral intestinal infection in children can be transmitted by airborne droplets, as well as by ingestion of microbes caught in common utensils or toys.
The volume of fluid in the vessels and tissues of the child is muchless than in an adult. For the baby, the loss of water with diarrhea in the amount of 200 ml per day (for example, 20 ml 10 times) is the largest volume that must be filled. Therefore, when intestinal infections occur in children, treatment should be performed by recovering the lost volume of fluid. That is, a child must get the fluid that is necessary for him to maintain vital functions (for example, for a month-old child this is 140 ml per kg of weight per day, and for a child weighing 10 kg - 900 ml per day) plus the one that he loses with diarrhea and vomiting. To this liquid water is added, which is lost with breathing and then with increasing temperature.
The received volume should be given in the form of teas,slightly sweet compotes, solutions of "Regidron", "Human-electrolyte" and others. To repel it is necessary in the form of a solution of room temperature on a teaspoon every 5-10 minutes. If, because of vomiting, you can not drink the baby, do not hesitate, go to the hospital to put a dropper.
How to treat?
- If intestinal infections are found in children,treatment of the second plan is based on the use of sorbents. This is "White Coal", "Smecta", "Polysorb". They should be given at an age-appropriate dosage one hour before a meal or taking some medicine. The sorbent solution injected into the enema works well.
- Antibiotics should appoint a doctor. If the treatment is at home, then you need to buy a test in the pharmacy "Rota-test", and better "Rota-adeno-test." By dropping a little feces, as described in the instructions, you can find out if the disease is caused by rotavirus or still a bacterium. Antibiotics such as Enterofuril or Nifuroxazide are prescribed. In the case of a severe course of infection, stronger antibiotics must be used.
- Lacto- and bifidobacteria: Entererozermina, Latsidofil, Bio-Gaia.
- If necessary - antipyretic.
Since intestinal infections in children (treatment of them depends on the type of pathogen - virus or bacterium) is not uncommon, it is necessary to know what exactly could serve as their cause. How to do it?
a. The optimal and correct option - to pass a general blood test and sowing stool to the microflora, consult a doctor.
b. Make a "company-test."
at. Adenovirus infection initially manifests as an acute respiratory viral infection with pronounced conjunctivitis. Enterovirus infection usually occurs with a small reddish rash on the body and a red throat. Rotavirus infection also begins mainly with the common cold and fever, only then there are diarrhea and vomiting. If this is not the case, if the feces have changed color and has various impurities, most likely, there is a bacterial infection.
When it is necessary to call a doctor?
1) The child is disturbed by consciousness: he is listless, sleepy.
2) All children under one year.
3) When the stomach hurts.
4) When in the stool there is at least some hint of blood.
5) There was no urine for four hours or it was of a dark color.
6) Persistent vomiting or diarrhea when it is impossible to drink the baby.
7) The tongue is dry, the skin, gathered in a fold, does not straighten out immediately (the skin in the area under the right rib is being examined), eyes have sunk.
8) The child smells of acetone.
Nutrition of a child with intestinal infection
If the baby is breastfeeding, then it is necessary to continue itbreastfeed, and the mother must follow a strict diet. To feed it is necessary on demand. If a child under one year and began to receive complementary foods, it is desirable to give him a low-lactose mixture, tea with dry biscuits, you can have a little mashed potatoes in water without oil.
The older children are shown: rice porridge, mashed potatoes on water without oil, vegetarian soups, biscuit biscuits. You can not eat fruits, vegetables, juices, vermicelli, meat and fish, eggs, black bread, beets, cabbage, beans, fried, smoked and spicy foods, salads, dishes with mayonnaise, cheese, dairy products.
Restoring after a disease the intestines will befor a long time, therefore, it is necessary to "go out" gradually from the diet, gradually including various dishes in the diet. In this marinated, fried and other "unhealthy" products are introduced not earlier than a month and a half.
