Dysplasia of the hip joint: the nature of the pathology and the prognosis for the future

Hip dysplasia - congenitalanomaly of the structural structure of the skeleton, which is characterized by underdevelopment of the components of the hip joint, accompanied by a violation of the spatial proportions of the acetabular cavity and the head of the femur. It is important to note here that such a pathology prevails in girls much more often than in boys, in addition, the pelvic presentation of the fetus in first births increases the risk of progression of this disease. In order to understand the seriousness of such anomaly, as dysplasia of the hip joint, it is necessary to track the dynamics of the prevailing pathological process. First of all, let us clarify that the hip joint is structured by means of a ligamentous apparatus, bone-cartilaginous tissue, and also a number of muscles that make up the joint. Violation of the location of at least one of these elements and provokes the progression of the above pathology.

In modern orthopedics, subluxation is distinguished,prefixed and hip dislocation. In the first case, there is a kind of "slip" symptom, in which the dislocation is elementarily inserted into the cavity. The subluxation is characterized by the displacement of the femoral head to the top and to the side, but within the cartilaginous region of the acetabulum. With a dislocation, the femoral head is located outside this cavity, and the cartilaginous plate is displaced into the joint. It is important to remember that the treatment of hip dysplasia completely depends on the type of dysplasia and age of the young patient.

Hip dysplasia has a number ofthe characteristic symptoms from which vigilant parents can in time find out in their child a suspected pathology of the joint. This may be an explicit restriction of the dilution of the lower extremities, bent at right angles in the knees, as well as a visual asymmetry of the skin folds on the legs. In addition, you can often hear a "click" when rotating the baby's legs, the visual difference between the lower extremities is very rare, but it is also a characteristic sign of a disease such as hip dysplasia.

A productive treatment of dysplasia occurs whentimely detection of a pathological phenomenon, as well as when fulfilling all the requirements of a leading orthopedist. Here it is a question of using special orthopedic adaptations, and also intensive massage therapy. There is a conservative and surgical treatment, each of which has its own "clinic".

Conservative method implies the use ofpillows, stirrups, tires and panties. The main task of this treatment is to fix the position of the toe in the diluted state. The most common orthopedic devices are the pillow of Freik, the stirrups of Pavlik, the bus of Vilensky and Volkov. As a preventive measure, a wide swaddling is also prescribed, but this method is appropriate up to the age of three months of a small patient. It will not be superfluous and therapeutic gymnastics, providing circular and otvodyaschie manipulations of the hip joints, as well as massage of the gluteal muscles and lumbar region.

The surgical method of treatment is moreradical, because hip dysplasia requires surgical intervention. Typical indications are the age of the patient and the predominance of a characteristic hip dislocation (dysplastic, congenital or teratogenic). Here, a sensible expert selects the most appropriate method, which entails a minimum of undesirable consequences in the future.

If the dysplasia was not treated in a timely mannerhip joint, the consequences can be irreversible, because in the absence of treatment, joints suffer from changes in limb support and mobility, as well as deformation of the pelvic position, curvature of the spine and progression of coxarthrosis and osteochondrosis.

With the right approach and timely treatment, it is possible to completely restore the natural working capacity of the pathological joint.