Adenoid type of face: description, photo, reasons. Is it possible to fix an adenoid face in a child?

Adenoids suffer for the most part children under 10years. In adults, they are rare. Inflamed tonsils can provoke a number of complications, among which the most serious is the adenoid type of face.

Provoking factors of adenoid development

Adenoids are provoked:

ARVI;
supercooling;
reduced immunity;
measles;
whooping cough;
scarlatina.

The risk factors for the development of a condition such as adenoid vegetation include:

infections of a chronic nature;
improperly balanced nutrition;
a monotonous diet with a high level of carbohydrate intake and a lack of vitamins;
poor ecology in the region in which a person lives;
bad habits weaken the body's immune system and make it vulnerable;
propensity to allergic reactions, which leads to inflammation of the adenoids.

The consequences of pathological proliferation of adenoids

Pathological proliferation of adenoids leads to the formation of complications in the child's body, which are both acute and chronic.

Adenoid overgrowth prevents the full flow of air through the nose, which leads to a series of complications.

Among them, it should be noted:

Rhinitis, provoked by stagnant processes in the maxillary sinuses. Chronic form of rhinitis often contributes to inflammation of the ear.
Incorrect bite in the child is formed bycause of breathing through the mouth. When you inhale, the child presses the tongue against the sky, as a result of which it is high. This position of the sky changes not only the bite, but also the shape of the skull.
There is a deformation of the teeth, which alsoprovoked by mouth breathing. Teeth are also deformed. Fangs are placed too high, and the front teeth in the upper jaw protrude forward. Adenoid type of face is a sign of occlusion of the teeth of the lower jaw.
The lower jaw becomes broad, takes the form of a wedge. The skull is deformed due to the high location of the sky.
Against the background of chronic rhinitis there is a nasal. The child constantly talks in the nose, does not utter certain sounds.
Neurological disorders are noted. Significantly reduced memory and attention, which is provoked by a chronic impairment of blood circulation in the brain. This causes the appearance of migraines, irritability, apathy and increased fatigue. Such children are notoriously poor at school, they find it difficult to memorize educational material.
With a long-term disease as a result of insufficient volume of inspiration, the thorax can deform. For example, there is a pathology of the structure of the skeleton, like "chicken breast."
Reduced protective function of the tonsils causes a weakened immune system. Viruses often enter the respiratory system, which provokes the development of laryngitis, tracheitis, tonsillitis and bronchitis.

All of the above signs are brightconfirmation of the importance of timely treatment of adenoids. The complicated form of this disease can cause the appearance of many pathologies, including adenoid face. This pathology with untimely treatment can cause various complications.

What is an adenoid face?

How can the face and skull deform in adenoids?

Adenoid type of face is a pathological facial expression, which is formed due to the presence of adenoid vegetation.

With an adenoid face, there are a number of basic signs that can be considered:

the presence of the mouth in a semi-open position;
presence of an incorrect occlusion;
the presence of a mandible in the form of a wedge;
facial expression, devoid of emotion;
dejected facial expression;
presence of nasal.

Where is the nasopharyngeal tonsil?

This amygdala is located on the border of the upper and lower nasopharyngeal walls. Its basis is a tissue, penetrated by the smallest grid, consisting of lymphatic and blood vessels.

Functionality of the nasopharyngeal tonsillies in the development and maintenance of immunity at an optimal level. It also acts as a protective mechanism. When air is inhaled, all viruses, microphages, toxins are in the oral cavity, then their penetration into the cellular membrane of the amygdala occurs, where they meet with the cells of the immune system and antibodies. Their functionality lies in the rapid disinfection and removal of processed products.

Causes of pathology

The main reason for the appearance of such a state asadenoid vegetation, is the long-term course of inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx. The inflammatory process becomes the main provoker of an increase in the size of the nasopharyngeal tonsil.

Adenoid face in the child

The causes of this pathology are different. Adenoid type of face is more common in children from disadvantaged families, in which the baby's health is not paid due attention.

What causes the development of the adenoid faciala child, say any laryngologist. The basis of the disease becomes hypertrophy of the tonsil tissue located in the nasopharynx. It develops against the backdrop of a chronic inflammatory process in the mouth, throat and nose.

From this we can conclude that the risk of violation of the face and skull is high in those kids who often suffer from cold and infectious diseases.

The critical weakening of the immune system caused by malnutrition, the addition of secondary manifestations of rickets in childhood are all provoking factors.

Delay in the development of the mental and psychic spherecan be a starting point, and not a consequence of the adenoid type of face. This is because children with mental retardation often keep their jaw in a slightly open state. As a result, a stable habit is developed.

Is pathology subject to conservative treatment?

Can the adenoid face be adjusted?child through conservative treatment? Rather, the answer will be negative. In this case, much depends on the age of the child and the degree of completion of the formation of cranial bones. If it is not finished, then you can try to correct the shape of the face through a specially designed complex of gymnastic exercises.

It should be noted that before eliminating thisa pathological condition as an adenoid face, complex therapy is carried out aimed at curing the nasopharyngeal tonsil. If necessary, surgical intervention is indicated. Also, the curvature of the septum of the nose should be avoided.

In the late stages of the disease,to resort to the help of a specialist in the field of facial surgery. But you should also constantly work with your child to develop a habit of breathing through the nose, not the mouth, and accustom to keep your mouth shut.

How does the adenoid face look like in the child, photos are presented in this article. Immediately one can note the brightest signs:

mouth in a slightly open position;
presence of puffiness of the face;
obvious inhibition in appearance;
smoothed folds of nasolabial area;
due to the constant implementation of breathing by the mouth, the bones of the face and jaw are deformed;
upper jaw narrowed;
face becomes elongated;
bite deform;
upper lip becomes shortened;
the incisors located at the top are constantly visible;
lip skin becomes dry;
chest deformed;
teeth can deform at the top, acquiring a twisted shape around the axis.
secondary complications such as hearing loss and blockage of the Eustachian tube by the dense tonsil tissue near the nasopharynx can also be traced;
there is a strong snoring at night, which often turns into apnea.

Approximately half of the children are diagnosed with adenoidThe person ", the photo of which is presented below, is marked by a delay in mental and mental development, respiratory pathology, and insufficient oxygen supply to the brain tissues.

At what age are more common adenoid vegetations in children?

The adenoid face of a child is noted at the age of 3 to 5 years, since it is during this period that the tonsils of the nasopharynx reach their maximum development.

In which case, parents seek help from a doctor?

Usually parents come to a laryngologist's appointment who notice the following symptoms in their children:

the presence of difficulty breathing through the nose;
chronic rhinitis;
mouth breathing during periods of sleep and wakefulness;
snoring at night;
ear infection;
puffiness of the face;
hearing impairment;
cough at night;
frequent colds;
ARVI.

Pathology such as adenoid face, signswhich are listed above, provoked by the proliferation of adenoids. In children, there is a gradual change in the structure of the facial bones. As a result of this pathology, the child forms an adenoid face.

The main stages of the development of pathology

The medicine knows three main stages of development of such a pathological condition as an adenoid face.

In the first stage of the nasopharyngeal tonsilgrows not too intense. Already at this stage, there are violations in the respiratory system. Due to the active influence of pathogenic viruses, the tonsil tissue begins to thicken, its edema appears. Every day it takes up more and more space in the nasopharynx. As a result of lack of oxygen, the child becomes apathetic and nervous. Thus, in the first stage of the disease, the child basically breathes freely, but during the day breathes with his nose, then with his mouth.
In the second stage, the child practically does not breathethrough the nose, more often for the consumption of oxygen uses the mouth. As a result, the oral mucosa is exposed to the negative effects of bacteria, resulting in the development of bronchitis or laryngitis. At this stage, snoring is observed at night. Parents are much easier to suspect tonsil hypertrophy. Moreover, this stage is characterized by the development of signs of adenoid face.
In the third stage, coldsbother the child more and more often. Observed chronic rhinitis with copious pus. Oxygen is consumed only through the mouth. Snoring at night is more intense. Also noted night cough, purulent inflammation of the ear develops, the level of hearing decreases. At the third stage, almost all signs of adenoid face are noted.

The main methods of therapy and correction

The choice of the course of therapy for the elimination of adenoids and adenoid face depends on the stage at which the disease is located.

Before you begin to correctdeformed person, it is necessary to eliminate the indirect cause of inflammation of the tonsil in the nasopharyngeal system. When stopping the disease, you can stop the process of deformation of the face.

Methods of conservative therapy

Many are interested in, adenoid type of person, how to fix better, conservatively or quickly?

Doctors say that conservative therapy is distinguished by a high degree of effectiveness in the first and second stages of the adenoids.

To conservative therapy include:

Drugs against bacteria that quickly fight infection of the respiratory system.
Medications that promote vasoconstriction. They are symptomatic remedies that have no effect on the underlying disease. The products help to eliminate nasal congestion and alleviate the child’s general condition for a while.
Immune stimulants that fight against catarrhal diseases that have arisen against the background of impaired immunity.

Treatment through surgery

Adenoids are removed through surgery if the disease is in the first or second stage.

There are the following types of operations:

The classic way. If it is to be removed tonsil. It uses local or general anesthesia Beckmann. Such an operation lasts no more than half an hour.
Endoscopic view of the operation. Overgrown adenoids are removed by general anesthesia with an endoscope, which is inserted into the oral cavity. This method has a greater degree of efficiency than the first method. Recovery of the child after the operation takes place in a day.
Laser mode. With it, the vegetations of the adenoids without cuts are destroyed. Tonsil tissue is evaporated.

Existing contraindications for surgery

Contraindications include:

an acute inflammatory process;
blood rheology disorders.

Many doctors point to the fact that a conservative method of treatment can help to recover from the disease only in the initial stages of its development.

As for the conservative treatment method forelimination of the adenoid face, then much depends on the age of the child and the degree of the disease. The transition from one stage to another causes a rapid deformation of the bones of the skull.

In the initial stages and at an earlier ageA complex of gymnastic exercises, which are aimed at the development of the facial muscles and special therapeutic exercises for the face, can correct the adenoid face.

In this regard, it can be stated thatthe existing deformity of the face in the later stages can be eliminated only through surgical intervention. In adult patients, correction of the adenoid face is possible only with the use of plastic surgery.

Conclusion

Adenoid face type - complex pathology,provoked by untreated adenoids. An enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsil disturbs breathing, as a result of which the palatine part of the mouth, facial muscles, teeth and skull bones are deformed. Adenoid type of face in adults is much less common than in children.