Pronunciation of German words. German for Beginners

There is an opinion that German is verydifficult to study, and it is almost impossible to master. Some students are alarmed by too long words, others - different nuances in the pronunciation of German words. But whether this language is really complicated in the study, let's look at this article.

What is the complexity of the German language?

For beginners, complexity can arise ingrammatical aspect, because in German there is an impressive number of rules and exceptions. At the very beginning, the study of any foreign language, perhaps, will be given quite hard, especially if you continuously cram all grammatical rules, try to master the features of pronunciation - and in German they are quite interesting and unique - and an endless list of new words for memorization. What are the only figures in German! With the pronunciation of them can also arise certain difficulties, because, as a rule, numerals of German are very long and at first glance incomprehensible. But if you carefully understand the topic, then all the alleged difficulties will collapse, like a house of cards.

Word formation in German

As already mentioned above, in Germancomplex and unusual is the construction of words, namely that of a few words the Germans skillfully create one very long and incomprehensible for the beginner word. But in fact it is not so difficult. After all, it's great that you can, after studying a couple of German words, calmly fold them and get the word with the third meaning! But the pronunciation of German words, namely composite words, can present a certain complexity. Especially for a person studying German as a foreign language.

The rule of composition also applies to figures in German, with the pronunciation of which is the same situation as with ordinary words. Those. the figures obey the same rules as all other words.

Why it is necessary to study the German language?

There are many reasons why it is worth starting to learn foreign languages ​​from German. These reasons will be given below:

1. German is not as complex as itsaccepted to represent. As a rule, German words are perceived by the ear, so they are written on paper, only knowledge of the letters is important. You, most likely, do not even need to learn the German alphabet for beginners with pronunciation, because it is based on the Latin font, which, fortunately, most people already know. And if, in addition to everything, you still know English at a fairly good level, then this gives a huge advantage. Because English with German has common roots, and therefore a lot of similarities. This fact proves that if you know English, it will be much easier for you to learn German, too, whose pronunciation of words seems so complicated, but in reality nothing is impossible here.
2. German is one of the most usedlanguages ​​in European countries. After all, German, English and French are the three official languages ​​of the European Union. And German is the second most used language. But if you take into account the speakers themselves, German comes out on top in terms of frequency of use. Therefore, knowledge of German gives you at least 100 million people for live communication. Of course, this is not a billion, as, for example, in Chinese, but still.
3. German is the language of innovators and inventors.
   The highest percentage of all outstanding achievementswere born in Germany. More than 100 Nobel Prizes were given to German scientists for their great achievements in the fields of physics, medicine, chemistry, literature, etc. And this is still not taking into account the other two main representatives of the German world - Austria and Switzerland.
4. German culture is part of the world heritage.
   It is known that the Germans have a reputation for absoluteanalysts and lovers of logic, but the German-speaking world is also famous for its outstanding minds in the fields of music, literature, art and philosophy. This is the native language of the composers of Mozart, Bach, Schubert, Beethoven and Wagner. Studying this language will give you an excellent opportunity to evaluate independently, without any translators, masterpieces of great creators who will never be forgotten. After all, what only one is "Faust" Goethe!

Of course, this is not all the reasons why you should learn German. But, in any case, the knowledge of foreign languages ​​opens a window into a world that is so diverse and unique.

Pronunciation of German sounds

The pronunciation of German words and sounds is enoughit is very different from the pronunciation of the Russians. In German, pronunciation is more muscular and sharp. This certainly gives the German sounds intensity and tension.

In total, there are 44 sounds in German, 16 of which are vowels, 22 consonants, 3 affricates and 3 - diphthongs. But it is important to note that in the pronunciation of German words quite different sounds are used: /ʌ/, /æ/, /ŭ/, /ɔ: /, / w /, / y̆/, /θ/, /œ: /, /ə: /, /ð/, /ʤ/. But what is important is that these non-standard sounds are used exclusively in words of foreign origin.

Features of pronunciation of sounds of the German language

As already mentioned above, the German language requires enhanced articulation, especially when pronouncing such sounds as: t, p, k, s, f, (i) ch, sch and (a) ch.

Important in the pronunciation of German sounds is the wide opening of the mouth.

The pronunciation of German vowels requires enhanced lip work.

If the German word begins with a vowel, then this vowel must be pronounced clearly and sharply, with a strong strain of the vocal cords.

In principle, most German letters are quite easy to pronounce. However, in the German alphabet there is a small number of letters, which are called umlauts.

It is necessary to give examples of German pronunciation, for this purpose a table with transcription is provided:

Letter in the German alphabet	Russian sound of the German letter	Transcription	Example
A A	a	[a:]	der Apfel (apple)
B B	be	[bε:]	die Biene (bee)
C C	cie	[tsε:]	der Clown (clown)
D D	de	[de:]	der Delphin (dolphin)
E E	e	[e:]	der Elefant (elephant)
F F	ef	[εf]	der Fisch (fish)
G G	ge	[ge]	die Gans (goose)
H H	ha *	[ha:]	der Hase (hare)
I I	and	[i:]	in (in)
J J	yot	[jot]	das Jod (iodine)
K K	ka	[ka:]	der Katze (cat)
L L	el	[εl]	die Lampe (lamp)
M M	Em	[εm]	die Maus (mouse)
N N	en	[εn]	die Nadel (needle)
O O	about	[o:]	die Oliven (olives)
P P	pe	[pe:]	die Palme (palm)
Q Q	ku	[ku:]	das Quadrat (square)
R R	era	[εr]	das Radie (radio)
S S	es	[εs]	das Sonne (sun)
T T	te	[te:]	die Tomate (tomato)
U U	the	[u:]	die Uhr (hours)
V V	fauna	[fao]	der Vogel (crow)
W W	ve	[ve:]	die Wanne (bath)
X X	X	[iks]	der Boxer (boxer)
Y Y	ipsilon	[ypsilon]	der Yoga (yoga)
Z Z	cet	[tsεt]	die Zitrone (lemon)
ÄÄÄ **	e	[ε]	der Bär (bear)
Ö Ö **	*		die Öle (sunflower oil)
Xxx **	*	[y]	die übung (exercise)
S	Es	[s]	der Fuß (leg)

Emphasis

As for accents in words of German origin, it has a fixed character and very rarely can change its original arrangement in a certain word.

For the roots, the selection of the firstsyllable. If there are prefixes, then either the prefix will take the stress, or the root itself. As for German postfixes, in most cases they are not percussion. But in complex words can be simultaneously present two stresses - the main and secondary. In the abbreviations of the shock will always be the last letter.</ span </ p>