Supreme Commander-in-Chief: authority, responsibility
Throughout its history, humanityalmost always resorted to violence in dealing with certain issues that arose directly between states and their structural elements. Because from the moment the person took the stick in his hand, he realized that by force one can force oneself to act in the right way. In the process of the evolution of society, the sphere of military art was also developed. That is, people are constantly looking for and are looking for new ways to destroy each other. But, in addition to this part of the military craft, the management sector also developed. In other words, the process of direct control of the army has become more efficient and allows much more fully to realize the potential of the entire army. However, some army institutions of a coordinating nature have a fairly long history. They were formed over many centuries. To similar it is quite possible to rank a post of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief who for today plays a significant role in many military processes and the actual conflicts. It should be noted that this post is not only a great responsibility, but also a spectrum of a huge number of powers. In addition, the person holding this post is entrusted with the performance of a number of functions, which will be discussed later in the article.
Who is the supreme commander-in-chief?
This term denotes severalconcepts. As mentioned earlier by the author, this is a certain institution in the sphere of military administration. In other words, the supreme commander-in-chief as a post is a collection of a certain kind of obligations, functions and responsibilities. But there is another interpretation of the term. According to her, the supreme commander-in-chief is a concrete person who is endowed with a large number of powers in the sphere of military command and who coordinates the entire array of troops of a particular state.
Commander-in-Chief as the highest official
The article will consider the supremethe commander-in-chief precisely as a person belonging to the highest echelon of power. As a rule, this person is central in the entire military hierarchy of the state. In some cases, the supreme commander-in-chief is exclusively the person who exercises command of the active army and navy. In other cases, these powers are vested in the head of state. This trend is a kind of tribute to democratic relations within many existing states. In addition, the concentration in the hands of the democratic leader of the authority to exercise command of the troops makes it possible to protect the country from the seizure of power by the military elite.
History of appearance
For today it is reliably unknown, inwhat historical period this term appeared and began to be used in the sense in which all of it is accustomed to hearing. In this case, it is not clear why the functions of the head of state and the central figure of the military sector were divided. It is known that for the first time the term "commander-chief" was applied by Charles I, the king of Scotland, England and Ireland. He combined the powers of the ruler and commander-in-chief. Thus, many historians believe that it is from this moment that the institution mentioned in the article appears. In other words, Charles I is the first supreme commander in world history.
The post of commander-in-chief in Russian history
Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed ForcesFirst appeared in the "Table of Ranks" not so long ago. His post was first established on the territory of modern Russia during the First World War. For the first time Prince Nikolai Nikolaevich the Younger was appointed to the post. This happened on July 20, 1914. The Institute was established with the aim of reorganizing the existing structure and centralizing military power in the hands of a representative of the royal family. In addition, such a step was correct from the point of view of common sense, because by that time public discontent with the regime of autocracy in the empire was already ripe. During the First World War, the post of commander-in-chief was repeatedly passed on to various prominent commanders of the imperial army, up to the signing of the Brest Peace Treaty. From that moment on, the commander-in-chief was appointed only to coordinate the activities of the active army and navy.
Further development of the position
Today, everyone knows who is the supremecommander in chief and what this post represents. But when the Soviet Union arose as a separate, integrated state, then, because of the agreement already mentioned, this post was not approved because of the absence of military conflicts. The Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Second World War (Great Patriotic War) was appointed from among the political elite. They August 8, 1941 was Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. It should be noted that he remained in this position even after the immediate end of the war. But in the USSR it was decided that the reorganization of such a position as the supreme commander-in-chief is required. The Great Patriotic War ended, Stalin died, and on the threshold there was a new conflict with the United States. That's why the chairman of the USSR Defense Council took up his position behind the scenes.
Institute in modern Russia
To date, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army is a position occupied by the top leader of the entire array of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Normative base of the post
In accordance with the fact that the Russian FederationThe Federation is a legal and democratic state, practically all issues of public regulation are regulated by law. The Supreme Commander-in-Chief is no exception. It acts on the basis of the norms of different normative acts. Thus, the system of regulatory regulation of the post consists of the following IPA, namely:
1) The Constitution of the Russian Federation.
2) The Federal Law "On Martial Law".
3) The Federal Law "On Defense".
Also in these acts it is written out what the supreme commander-in-chief of the Russian Federation has powers.
Credentials
The Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Federation is endowed with a number of specific powers that other people do not own in the hierarchy of state power. The person holding this position is authorized:
- In the event of an immediate threat to the Russian Federation to introduce martial law on the territory of the state.
- Monitor the implementation of the martial law regime.
- Ensure the functioning of the highest state authorities during this regime.
- To create plans to involve the Armed Forces in order to ensure the martial law regime.
- Ensure that the activities of political parties and other propaganda formations on the territory of the state are stopped in the conditions of war.
- Ensure compliance with bans on holding rallies and agitation in a state of martial law.
- The Supreme Commander-in-Chief is entrusted with the task of approving the military doctrine of the Russian Federation.
- In addition, the commander-in-chief appoints and dismisses the high command of the FSRF.
- The person occupying this position determines the military policy on the territory of the state.
- The Commander-in-Chief can mobilize the army in case of existence for that reason.
- He also decides on the immediate deployment of the troops of the FSRF.
- The Commander-in-Chief issues decrees on conscription of citizens for military service.
In addition to the powers presented, the president(as supreme commander-in-chief), a number of other specific functions are assigned, which are also important for ensuring the defense capability and military might of the state. To date, the position presented in the article is occupied by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin.
Normative acts issued by the commander-in-chief
To realize their authority and organizationthe activity of the Armed Forces, the person holding this position has the opportunity to issue certain kinds of normative acts in the sphere of his immediate activity. In accordance with this, within the scope of his competence, the supreme commander-in-chief has the right to issue orders and directives.
In addition, in order to encourage activities to ensure the defense capability of the state, he rewards those who deserve this person with diplomas, and also extends gratitude to them.
In conclusion, it should be noted that the submittedThe Institute has a number of characteristic features in the vastness of the fatherland. In addition, the legal regime for its regulation still needs some improvements, so that the exercise of the powers of the person occupying the post is more efficient and complete.
