What is a national park? Detailed analysis

The article describes what a national park is. For what they are created, than differ from reserves and what are reserves.

Nature

Life on our planet exists, according to estimatesscientists, more than 3 billion years. During this time, many biological species were replaced by it - some disappeared, others evolved, and still others were exterminated by man. It is the same with plant life: it has undergone many changes and there are species of it that need protection to protect themselves from total extinction.

Since the time of the Industrial Revolution andmass industrialization, the number of wild and untouched nature is gradually decreasing. The reason for this was deforestation, extraction of minerals, hunting, etc. Gradually, at least in the European part of our continent, the number of cities increased. This is happening at such a fast and massive pace that starting around the middle of the 19th century, in many countries it was decided to create green zones and national parks in the city. So what is the national park, what are its tasks and how does it differ from the reserve? In this we will understand.

Definition

First, let's look at the terminology. According to the official definition, a national park is a special natural area in which, for the purpose of its preservation, part or all of the economic activities, hunting or other anthropogenic interference are prohibited. But at the same time visiting national parks is allowed by tourists or simply nature lovers. Naturally, provided that the rules are not violated. For example, you can not leave garbage, damage vegetation, animals, build bonfires, etc. So now we know what a national park is. But for what, besides ecological tourism, such protected natural areas are created?

Meaning

National parks are created not only forregulated tourism or visiting. Usually such a status is obtained by those natural zones in which there are objects of scientific, cultural or aesthetic significance. They often carry out various research works, excursions for students of educational institutions and so on. Sometimes such parks also have historical value. For example, these are relict forests with unique vegetation or places where important processes for a particular region or for all mankind once occurred. So we figured out what a national park is.

But still the greatest popularity among the simpleof the population they are exactly like places where you can join nature, do light tourism and have a good time. And an important role in this is the absence of garbage, which is full in any forests close to people.

National parks are also an effective measurepreservation of some important or special areas of nature from cutting down, settling people and disturbing their natural balance in the animal world. But when the task is to save the area of ​​nature and its inhabitants in its original form or restore their population, the reserves come to the aid. What is this and what are the reserves different from the parks? In this we will understand.

What is a national park and nature reserve?

The definition of the national park was considered, now the turn of the reserve has come. So what are their differences?

Reserves are forests, water areas and otherNatural zones in which in order to preserve the flora of the fauna or restore their population completely under the ban is any human activity, including a visit. However, in some reserves visitors are still allowed, but only as part of the excursions, which are accompanied by experienced huntsmen, who follow the order.

In simple terms, the purpose of the reserve is toTo preserve a certain natural zone and not to allow human intervention. Needless to say, hunting, cutting down and other destructive occupations in them is completely prohibited, and scientists follow the natural balance. Various research work is also carried out in the reserves.

So we dismantled the definition of the reserve, andwhat is the national park of Russia - we will consider further. The first of them were formed even in the times of the USSR, and now there are specially protected ecologically clean territories in virtually every region of our country. The most famous of them are "Pleshcheyevo Lake", "Losiny Ostrov", "Curonian Spit".

Conclusion

Organization and conservation of national parks andreserves is an important task, since the anthropogenic factor has a strong impact on the animal and plant world in our time. So, only in the last century dozens of species were destroyed. And a serious role in this was played by poachers who penetrate into the reserves and are engaged in shooting rare or endangered species of animals whose skins, horns, hoofs and meat are then resold at fabulous prices.

So now we know what nationala park. Examples of their existence can be found on all continents, and in Russia there are 47 of them. All of them are valuable in their own way, they are in different regions and this is especially interesting for scientists and tourists.