The concept of society in sociology: the main points of view

The concept of sociology itself comes from the Latin term "society" and therefore it is the main one in this science. Society is the subject and object of study in sociology.

The concept of sociology was first introducedAuguste Comte, a famous French philosopher in the first third of the XIX century. And at first this science was identified with social science. Later sociology was separated into a separate branch, more narrowly and specifically dealing with social problems.

The concept of society in sociology has severalpoints of view. This term can be considered as a union of people by interests, grouping by class or clan, to denote the inhabitants of different countries or representatives of nationalities and peoples. If to argue in this sense from simple to complex, then in the final analysis society is all people living on the globe. The most general notion of society in sociology, therefore, includes that part of the world in which the main people are, their interaction with each other, and also the forms of their associations. So, consider this provision in more detail.

The broad concept of society in sociologyimplies its separation from nature as a conscious part, possessing will and consciousness. Unlike nature, society does not develop spontaneously. It has its own laws, which are created by man and eventually become an element of human culture. However, this isolation of society from nature does not at all mean their antagonism. The connection between them is inseparable and in the end they are dependent on each other. And society by nature - more. All actions and actions of a person with regard to the natural habitat return to him in the form of an ecological crisis that threatens the death of everything, one hundred are on earth, including those created by the hands of people.

Thus, the concept of society in sociologyconsiders its object of study as a universal self-sufficient and evolving system, the level of which is estimated precisely by how it relates to the environment, how in the process of interaction different spheres of social life mutually influence each other.

The concept of man in sociology alsofrom three points of view. The first concerns the natural, biological essence of man, the second focuses on the external and internal distinctive features of man as an individual and the third is based on qualities that distinguish him as a product of social relations. We touch each of the points of view.

Man is a child of nature. Therefore, he has a lot to do with the animal world. But unlike his smaller brethren, he sharply stands out among them such features as upright walking, the ability to procure food with the help of tools, creating comfortable conditions for himself, which testifies to the complex structure of the human brain. Conscious life is the most important thing that does not allow to equate man and animals.

Further, sociology pays attention to the question ofperson as an individual. In this term, features of human appearance, its character, temperament, the degree of development of the intellect, that is, those distinctive features distinguishing it from oneself in the society, are invested.

But the main concept of man in sociologyis disclosed in the term "personality" and is associated with his activities in society, highlighting as the main socially significant features. These include activity, consciousness, moral solvency, human responsibility in relation to what is happening around it. Personality manifests itself in those roles that he chooses for himself in the process of interaction with people and in how well he copes with them.

Thus, we conclude that in sociology, man and society are a single whole.