Subarctic belt: characteristics, description, features

The subarctic belt is a zone characterized bysevere weather conditions. Wetlands, strong winds, long winters, filled with snowstorms and snowstorms, cooling that can come at any moment - that's how the climate of this region differs. And this is not surprising, because it borders on the Arctic belt. And here, as is known, permafrost and glaciers are always reigning. In more detail, the subarctic belt is located between approximately 60 and 70 ° north latitude.

Climatic features

The climate characteristic of this belt is called subarctic. There is almost no summer - the air temperature in July does not rise above 15 ^aboutFROM. It is worth noting that this is relatively warm weather, which does not last long. Even in the middle of summer, a sharp cooling may occur here. For most of the year, the average temperature in the subarctic belt is below zero degrees. Also here it is very humid, despite a small amount of precipitation - about 300 mm. Hence the problem of bogging and freezing of land. This is what prevents cities from building, because the soil becomes unusable due to such features.

Characteristics of the subarctic belt

The territory of the subarctic belt is fulltundra, forest-tundra and northern taiga. This is typical for the climate that is inherent in this region. Because of the increased humidity, a large number of reservoirs are formed here. In their nutrition, an important role is played by high water, which occurs in the summer when the snow begins to descend. There are many beautiful trees growing here, which have great natural value. Here you can see Siberian larch, spruce, dwarf birch and balsamic fir. A lot of berry bushes, such as blueberries or cloudberries, are especially appreciated in Russia. The fruits of these shrubs are not only delicious, but also very healthy.

Underwater world of this belt is also richvarious species of plants and animals due to the peculiarities of the subarctic belt - a positive temperature creates favorable conditions for the reproduction and residence of some representatives of the flora and fauna. Numerous plants saturate the water with oxygen. In lakes and rivers that flow in this belt, there are such fish as croquant and omul. Due to the high swampiness in summer, there is no need to do without a spray or special protective capes (mosquito nets), which perfectly protect against blood-sucking insects - during this period they begin active activity.

Animal world

The fauna of the subarctic belt is also richrare and beautiful animals. Wolves, foxes, hares - this is only a small part of the fauna. Here there are even northern deer, lemmings. Also, the subarctic belt has excellent conditions for the habitat of such large mammals as polar bears, seals and walruses. At night, incredibly beautiful owls and owls begin their active activity. As you can already understand, this region is rich in furs: arctic foxes, foxes, hares, lynxes, ermines - all these animals become targets of hunters and even poachers.

Despite the fact that domestic reindeerare rare animals, in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District their population varies between 600-700 thousand! Animal meat is the most valuable product, rich in vitamins, and liver and blood save in case of anemia, lack of vitamins and improper metabolism. Moreover, deer skin and fur are highly valued, since they save the inhabitants of this territory from frost at the lowest temperatures.

Problem moments

Of course, with such a variety of furs and valuableproducts on the subarctic belt, as nowhere else, hunting is common. For example, such rare animals as musk oxen have long been threatened with extinction from the face of the Earth. They are similar in age to mammoths. These are the largest species in the territory. Muskoxes began to die out not only through the fault of the predator - the polar wolf, but also because of the man who killed them because of delicious and healthy meat.

Of course, the subarctic belt is a specialregion. It can be said that for a man the climate here is complicated. However, the untold riches of this region: rare animals, incredibly useful products, deposits of different fossils - make it unique in its kind.