Involvement: commas and other rules
Once a famous philologist was asked about,how many languages he knows. He pointed to thick dictionaries in Russian and replied that he did not know any, because he could not master his own perfectly. That is why literacy for native speakers is even more important than for a foreigner. A person who does not know foreign languages is ignorant. A person who does not know his own language is a traitor to the Motherland. So, consider the participial turnover, the commas associated with it, and the rules for its use.
What is a participial turnover?
This design always consists of two parts:
- participle;
- dependent words.
Communion is an independent part of speech,verbal form with signs of an adjective. This part of speech manifests in itself as signs of the verb, and the adjective. The attributes of the verb are: management, type, pledge, time.
The signs of the participle as an adjective are: gender, number, case, form.
It is worth remembering that these signs are permanent.
Participant turnover: commas associated with it, after the specified word
If the participial turnover is after the specified word, then it is separated by commas. A few examples:
The dog running in the yard rushed to the gate.
The word in this turn is a "dog". "Running in the yard" - he involved in the turn.
The skyscraper, built in the shortest possible time, towered over the city.
Notice that in the first sentence the participle was valid, and in the second - passive.
Involvement: Commas and rules of use before the word being defined
The rule reads: "The participial turnover facing the word being defined is not separated by commas". For example: A piece of sausage lying on the table attracted the attention of Murzik.
"Lying on the table" is a sacramental turn. Please note that there is no comminution of commnication.
The boiled strong coffee stood and cooled, and the girl did not go to the kitchen.
Place of sacraments in Russian and their competent use
Communion came in modern language fromSlavonic antiquity, but although they have existed here for a long time, they are rarely used in oral communication. Moreover, the comma before the sacramental involvement and after it was and will be the scourge of all schoolchildren. And all because this construction does not occur in ordinary oral speech. Some experts strongly do not recommend their similar use. One more recommendation should be followed: it is not necessary to load the written text with participial turns - you risk making it difficult to master. Avoid a large number of participles, in the suffixes of which there are sibilant: melting, croaking, walking, reading, flashing, living, carrying, chewing etc.
If necessary, the participial turnover can easily be replaced by a subordinate clause. In this case, the comma after the participial turnover is preserved even during the transformation. For example:
The apple washed by me lies on the table. - The apple that I washed is on the table.
The text I wrote was forgotten in the room. - The text I wrote was forgotten in the room.
Errors when using participial speed
Because of the specific nature of the participles, peoplemake a lot of mistakes when they are used and distort the involved traffic, commas are sometimes not even set. Using participles and turns based on them, one should follow several rules.
- Do not use the particle "would". The proposal is incorrect: The miners did not use special dynamite, which would have caused the collapse of the entire mine. It is in this case that an additional clause can help us out. The miners did not use special dynamite, which would provoke the collapse of the entire mine.
- Unions and allied words can not be included in the composition of participial turnovers. Therefore, the bridge that struck last week, did not begin to build anew. In such cases, there is confusion in the structure of the sentence, and it becomes incorrectly composed. Successful will be this option: MOst, which fell last week, did not begin to build anew.
- Often speech disrupts the order of the location of the turnover and the word being determined. 1) The participial circulation is separated from the main word by others. The mouse rustles in the corner, gnawing a seed. Obviously, the wrong arrangement of the parts of the sentence. They need to be swapped. A mouse, gnawing a seed, rustles in the corner.
2) The word to be determined in the middle of a turn. For example: She had a yellowed side from the sun's rays. A grammatically correct sentence: She had a yellowed side of the sun.
Category and time are not just words
Besides this, the categories and time inherent in the sacraments are important.
1) Present participles emphasize what they designate. I saw a schooner rushing along the waves. We went to a village founded by an old landowner.
2) A sign of constancy. Marina is a good employee, responsible for her duties.
3) Pointing to a constant sign, sometimes use past participles. He stared at the apple tree growing in the garden. - He stared at the apple tree growing in the garden.
Remember! Real participles denote the sign of who (what) does (a floating boat, a dining family, a princess reading), and passive - the one with whom (what) do (a folded newspaper, a cut apple, a read book, a written text).
Thus, in the article we have discovered what a participial turn is, when it is allocated by commas and what are the rules and exceptions when it is used.
