Idiomatic expression and its origin
Idiomatic expression is a stablea phrase with independent semantics. Quite often idioms are also called phraseological units. It is worth noting that the term "idiomatic expression" is used in scientific circles, phraseology is the definition used in everyday life.
Considering the values of the idiomatic expression,It is necessary to take into account not the individual constituent parts, but its values as a whole. If you break the phraseology into words and only then try to understand the meaning, you will only get a set of words. Remember, idiomatic expressions are inseparable. It is the form that determines their meaning and meaning.
Idiomatic expressions are inherent in all languages andbear in themselves an imprint of the cultural and historical development of the people. This is due to the fact that the phraseological units reflect the realities of this or that people - customs, names and names of cities.
For example, phraseology: "Dine with Duke Humphrey". If you translate it into Russian, you will get: "Dine with the Duke of Humphrey". But who he is and what it means to have dinner with him - we do not understand. If you look at the history of phraseology, it becomes clear that before the beggars asked for alms from the grave of this very duke. It turns out, in Russian, this expression can be translated as: "stay without dinner," "be poor."
Idiomatic expressions can be divided into several groups depending on their origin.
The first group includes the phraseological units of the biblicalorigin. This includes such idioms as "Sodom and Gomorrah", "forbidden fruit." Our language has learned them since the adoption of Christianity and the dissemination of church literature in the territory of Kievan Rus.
The second group includes idiomaticexpressions borrowed from ancient literature: "Augean stables", "Achilles' heel". These phraseological units, like the idioms of the first group, can be found in any of the languages known to us.
To the third group we refer the primordially Russianexpressions: "hang your nose," "the language will bring to Kiev". Quite often, such phraseological units can be found in related languages, such as Ukrainian, Belarusian. This is explained by the fact that for a long time these peoples closely contacted each other and developed practically synchronously.
An idiomatic expression can also be included inour life through literature. It is known that the works of the great playwright William Shakespeare have become one of the main sources of English phraseology.
Interesting idiomatic expressions arise andwhen translating text from one language to another. Quite often this happens if the language to which the text is translated does not have a direct equivalent of phraseology. In this case, the idiomatic expression is translated by tracing. An example of this can be such phraseological units as "blue stocking", "on a broad foot". Over time, they enter the lexical fund of language, become its integral part.
Any idiomatic expression is a wise, cleverly designed thought that carries in itself certain information that only the native speaker can understand.
