What institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments? Necessity and main aspects

Monuments of cultural heritage play in ourlife is not the last role. It is through them that we can become more deeply acquainted with the history that we are studying. We also have the opportunity to leave such a legacy to our descendants, which will help them better imagine our time, culture and mores. But it is important to know which institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments.

Classification of monuments

The spiritual sphere of our society includes many facets. It is worth mentioning some types:

• buildings (churches, castles, manors, monasteries, sculptures, monuments, mansions);
• articles of household utensils;
• decorative and applied arts (frescoes, icons, various products of metals, fabrics, wood).

Criteria of a monument of a cultural heritage

The signs for assigning an object or object to cultural monuments are usually determined by the following points:

1. The date of creation of the subject. This can be a year of construction or an approximate definition of the time gap with the help of special tools.
2. To those who author the object.
3. The presence of a connection with a historical event.
4. Ecological importance.
5. The presence of a connection with a public figure.

Such activities as the evaluation of an object andawarding him the status, is engaged in the Society for the Protection of Cultural Monuments. And it is necessary for everyone to know what institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments.

The importance of preserving cultural heritage

It is worthwhile to consider in detail why it is necessaryprotect cultural monuments from destruction as natural (meaning the impact of external and internal natural factors that do not depend on a person), and of an artificial nature (mechanical damage associated with human activity). Negligence or deliberate destruction of monuments led to the loss of many cultural values. About them it was learned only from books, official documents and myths that describe real events, but are slightly embellished.

Protection of cultural monuments should be madeeverywhere and on a regular basis. But it is often possible to observe how any important monuments have sunk into oblivion, and only after several centuries experts recognized that the lost objects were the greatest achievements of that time.

What institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments?

Protection of cultural heritage has become popular onlyin the eighteenth century. Peter I issued a special decree, and only then began to protect important cultural monuments. But in connection with the imitation of European culture, many ancient things were not valued, the same can be said about churches. They were demolished in large numbers, for example, to expand the city and build new houses. Only under Nicholas I was the destruction of buildings.

After that, special organizations were organized,who evaluated and protected monuments of cultural heritage. But during the civil war and during the atheistic sentiments in politics, many important objects were destroyed. Some manors and churches saved only the fact that they created various museums.

Which institutions are involved in conservationmonuments of culture now? At the moment, the number of such organizations is simply amazing. There are many restoration workshops, institutes of cultural studies, scientific research institutes of restoration, various museums, etc.

All these organizations, in the first place,restore and protect what is already available at the moment. Also, such institutions are constantly looking for new, more accurately, well-forgotten or lost monuments of cultural heritage. In this they are helped manuscripts, official documents, photographs as a personal nature, and from the archives of museums, personal correspondence, short stories, books, paintings.