Import and export of Germany

Everyone knows that the basis of strength and powerabsolutely any modern state is its developed economy in all respects. Each country has different indicators of domestic and foreign trade turnover, but it is easy to guess that the more a country sells its products abroad, the richer it becomes. This article will examine the export and import of Germany - one of the pillars of the current European Union, which is also one of the strongest countries in the world.

Unconditional leader

The German economy is rightfully considered the mostlarge on the European continent. Despite the fact that the industry in Germany is very developed, yet this state is post-industrial, since up to 78% of its economy is different services, and the remainder is agribusiness and the production of all existing types of goods.

It is important to note the fact that Germanyadheres to the policy of hospitality in relation to foreign direct investment. The German market is completely open to investors in almost all segments of the industry. Commercial activity is characterized by a high degree of freedom, transparency and democratism. In Germany, a universal concept has been approved at the legislative level, thanks to which there is no significant difference between foreign and local entrepreneurs in the matter of investing capital and creating new firms or companies.

Features

Germany's export is based onsupply to other countries of a variety of specialized equipment, machinery, vehicles, chemical products, medicines, aircraft and helicopters. As for metallurgy, the leading German concerns have long since withdrawn from the steel production concept and focused on the production of pipes, equipment and other products. Today, ferrous metallurgy is not considered the leading industrial sector of the country and is based on raw materials imported from abroad. The same can be said about non-ferrous metallurgy.

Automotive giants

In many ways, Germany's exports are numeroussupplies to their partners cars such giants as Volkswagen, BMW, Audi, Porsche and others. Annually each of these manufacturers sells about 6 million cars and about 4 million is produced in foreign branches. Volkswagen concern deserves special attention, since it owns almost 12% of the production of all cars on the planet.

Record period

In July 2015, Germany's exports showedthe greatest value in numerical terms for the whole period of observations, which started in 1991. These data were announced by the Federal Statistical Office of the country. So, in particular, at that time, exports amounted to 103.4 billion euros, and imports - 80.6 billion. Both indicators exceeded even the most bold expectations of economists. And this despite the fact that the supply of German goods to China declined amid a slowdown in the economic development of the big Asian power, which in turn ranks fourth in Germany's foreign trade partners rating.

One more thing deserves special attention: in 2015, in Germany, exports of all kinds of weapons are growing by almost one and a half times. In monetary terms, this figure was almost 7.86 billion euros, and it was a record for the German military-industrial segment of the economy in this century.

As for the results of 2015, Germany,exports of which, compared to 2014, increased by 6.4%, earned 1 trillion 195.8 billion euros. At the same time, the import of the country reached 948 billion euros. That is 2015 for the German state was very successful economically, because the country's surplus amounted to 247.8 billion euros (increased by 16%).

First half of 2016

Following the results of June 2016, Germany's exportssomewhat lost to imports. According to statistics, the supply of goods to the country exceeded the sale of products abroad by 0.7%. The balance of trade balance was at the level of 21.7 billion euros. At the same time, the production volumes of the German Federal Republic unexpectedly for many specialists decreased, which is attributed to the strong economic growth at the beginning of the year.

Partners

Major long-term and mutually beneficial tradingrelations with Germany have developed with France, the United States of America, Japan, Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, China. Almost 25% of all German industrial products are produced in powerful enterprises, where foreign capital is involved. In addition, the state largely depends on the import of raw materials and semi-finished products.

It is noteworthy: the results of 2015 showed that the Germans exported the greatest amount of goods to the United States. The amount of exports abroad amounted to 113.9 billion euros.

Relations with the Russian Federation

The export to Germany from Russia over the past year was only 29.7 billion euros. In the opposite direction of production, it was delivered a little less - for the amount of 21.7 billion.

If you look a little deeper intoRussian-German trade relations, it can be noted that for the entire 2014, from Russia to Germany, products worth $ 36.8 billion were shipped. Russian exports to the German state are represented by the following categories:

• Mineral fuel (oil and its products, wax, bitumen) - 82.3%.
• Nuclear reactors, equipment, boilers and other mechanical devices - 4.7%.
• Copper and products based on it - 2.9%.
• Electrical equipment, sound equipment, television equipment - 2,2%.
• Ferrous metals - 1,8%.
• Precious metals, coins, bijouterie, pearls - 0,9%.
• Wood products - 0.8%.
• Aluminum - 0,5%.
• Agricultural fertilizers - 0,5%.
• Paper products (cardboard and other) - 0,3%.
• Rubber and rubber products - 0.3%.

Conclusion

The structure of Germany's exports was formeda sufficiently long period. At the same time, the level of the country's income was different and largely depended on the degree of employment of the population, which is now also high. The Federal Republic of Germany is distinguished by a large number of billionaires, of which there are 123, of which 22 are female.