The characterization of Matryona (Matrenin yard, AI Solzhenitsyn)
Among the best works of AI. Solzhenitsyn, undoubtedly, is the story "Matrenin yard" about a simple Russian woman with a difficult fate. Many trials fell on her share, but the heroine for the rest of her days has preserved in her soul love of life, boundless kindness, willingness to sacrifice herself for the welfare of others. In the article the reader is offered a characterization of Matryona's image.
Matrenin yard: the real basis of the work
His story Solzhenitsyn wrote in 1959 andfirst he called it "No village without a righteous man" (from censorship, the title was later changed). The prototype of the protagonist was Matrena Timofeevna Zakharova, a resident of the village of Mil'tsevo, located in the Vladimir region. The writer lived with her in the years of his teaching after returning from the camps. Therefore, the feelings and thoughts of the narrator largely reflect the views of the author himself, from the first day, according to his confession, felt something in the house of a woman unfamiliar to him, something native and close to the heart. Why this became possible will help explain the characterization of Matryona.
"Matrenin yard": first acquaintance with the heroine
The narrator was taken to Grigoryeva's house, when allThe options for apartments for the settlement have already been considered. The fact is that Matryona Vasilievna lived alone in the old house. All her belongings were made up of a bed, a table, benches and favorite ficuses by the hostess. And a lame cat, which the woman picked out of pity on the street, and a goat. She did not receive pensions, since on the collective farm instead of workdays she was credited with sticks. I could not work for my health anymore. Then, however, with great difficulty I registered a pension for the loss of my husband. At the same time she always silently came to the aid of everyone who addressed her, and did not take anything for her work. This is the first characteristic of Matryona in the story "Matrenin Yard". To this we can add that the peasant woman could not cook, too, although the tenant was uninformed and did not complain. And a couple of times a month she was attacked by a strong sickness, when a woman could not even stand up. But even at that moment she did not complain, and even tried not to moan, so as not to bother the tenant. Especially the author emphasizes the blue eyes and radiant smile - a symbol of openness and kindness.
The difficult fate of the heroine
The history of life helps to understand a person better. Without her, the characterization of Matryona in the story "Matrenin Yard" will be incomplete.
His own children did not have a peasant woman: all six died in infancy. She married not for love: several years she waited from the front of the groom, and then agreed to become the wife of his younger brother - the time was hard, and the family did not have enough hands. Soon after the wedding of the young, Thaddeus returned, who never forgave Efim and Matryona. It was believed that he imposed a curse on them, and later the husband of the heroine will perish on the second world. And the woman will take up Cyrus, Thaddeus' younger daughter, and give her love and care. The storyteller learned all this from the hostess, and she suddenly appeared before him in a new guise. Even then, the narrator realized how far his real first characterization of Matryona was from his real.
Matrenin yard meanwhile became stronger to attract the views of Thaddeus, who wished to take away the dowry assigned to Cyrus by the adoptive mother. This part of the room will cause the death of the heroine.
To live for others
Matryona Vasilyevna had long foreseen a misfortune. The author describes her suffering, when it turned out that during baptism someone took her bowler hat with holy water. Then suddenly the cat disappeared. And before the analysis of the room, the hostess did not go about her at all. The collapse of the roof meant for her the end of life. From such trifles formed the whole life of the heroine, which she lived not for herself, but for the sake of others. And when Matryona Vasilyevna went with the others to the railway crossing, she also wanted to help. Sincere, open, not embittered from the injustices of life. I took everything as destined and never grumbled. To this conclusion brings the characteristic of Matryona.
"Matrenin yard" ends with the description of the scenethe funeral of the heroine. She plays an important role in understanding how this peasant woman was different from the people who surrounded her. The narrator painfully notes that the sisters and Thaddeus immediately began to share the scanty possessions of the mistress. And even a friend, as if sincerely experiencing loss, managed to grab her blouse. Against the background of everything that was happening, the narrator suddenly remembered the living Matryona, so unlike everyone else. And I understood: she is the righteous person, without which there is not a single village. Yes there is village - all our land. This is proved by the life and characterization of Matryona.
"Matrenin yard" contains the author's regret that,that during his life he (like, incidentally, others) could not fully understand the greatness of this woman. Because you can perceive Solzhenitsyn's work as a kind of repentance for the heroine for his and others' mental blindness.
One more point is revealing. On the mutilated body of the heroine, a bright face and a right hand remained untouched. "It will be for us in the next world to pray," said one of the women in the story "Matrenin yard." The characterization of Matryona, therefore, makes us think about the fact that there are people living next to us who are capable of preserving human dignity, kindness and humility in unbearable conditions. And in part because of them, there are such concepts in our world filled with cruelty as compassion, compassion, mutual aid.
