Garry Kasparov, chess player: biography, photo, nationality

Life of the famous chess genius Garry Kasparovis as diverse as his analytical mind is genius. The worried world of victory in chess, sudden departure at the height of glory, literary and political activity - this is only a small part of the achievements of the great grandmaster. Verily, the great representatives of mankind are multifaceted and talented in everything.

Childhood

On April 13, 1963, Baku announced the infantcrying of the future chess champion. Parents, Weinstein Kim Moiseyevich and Kasparian Klara Shagenovna, were immensely happy. Both were people of engineering specialties, but they loved to spend the evenings playing chess.

Little Garik Kasparov (chess player in the future) withearly years showed an extraordinary mind and seized everything on the fly. Unbeknownst to all, a curious kid watched the chess battles of Mom and Dad, absorbing like a sponge, all sorts of tricks and decisions. One day, quite unexpectedly, at the age of 5, suggested a way out of the chess problem, over which parents puzzled. At that moment Kim Moiseyevich saw in the son of the future champion.

In 1970, after the death of his father, a smalla chess fan begins to visit the section of the local Palace of Pioneers. In the first year of training he receives the third rank and opens the way to international competitions.

From this moment, constant travel starts. Kasparov (chess player), whose nationality was born Jew, at that time had a sonorous name Weinstein. His mother understood that it would be difficult for him to achieve success in chess. And in 1974 the name changed to Kasparov. Now little Garik is Armenian. Now such a position may seem strange, but at that time it was the only true solution. Anti-Semitic persecution is unlikely to allow a Jew to win and win fame in chess.

The first victories of the young chess player

The beginning of a career for a small chess player waspretty easy. Success was accompanied by a talented child. In 1973, in Vilnius at the all-union youth games, Kasparov-chess player finds a mentor in the person of the master of sports Alexander Nikitin. Conquered by a young talent, Nikitin gives him a recommendation to enter the school of in-depth study of chess art under the leadership of Mikhail Botvinnik. Without thinking twice, in the same year, Garik and her mother went to Dubna, where they entered the school without any problems. After a while, Botvinnik himself notices the boy and takes him under his wing, giving every possible support.

A year later Kasparov - a chess player with a capital letter -for the first time becomes a participant in the Junior Championship of the USSR. This time, he takes only the 7th place, which delighted the observers, because the age of the other participants is at least 6 years ahead of the age of the small chess player. The following year, a stubborn child returns to the tournament and wins a brilliant victory. At this point, the youngest talents are noticed by the higher circles in the game of chess and since then they have kept their eyes fixed on the achievements of the young Garik.

Already in 15 years, having received a master of sports in the game inchess, a brilliant child participates in the selection for the big league of the country. And again it triumphs. In 1980 in Baku at the next tournament chess player Garry Kasparov received the title of Grandmaster, defeating Igor Zaitsev - the trainer of his future opponent Anatoly Karpov.

The battle of two "K" for the title of "World Champion"

In 1984, Kasparov (chess player) joined theconfrontation with the current chess champion Anatoly Karpov. The fight and the desire to become the best absorbs both and drags on for 10 years. All this time, the world watches with tension the battle of the two greatest chess players.

The first fight begins in the fall of 1984. With what attention the game follows the whole world. Duel has no time limit and the final should be 6 wins of one of the participants. Complex parties, incredible tension do not let anyone relax. The fight is delayed by 159 days and, perhaps, could have lasted longer, but the president of the International Chess Federation decides to interrupt the chess battle. The result is a draw and the title, according to the rules, remains with Karpov. It is the epoch-making duel between the two greatest chess players that enters the history of chess as the first and only unfinished chess battle.

Six months later Kasparov and Karpov againmeet for a decisive battle. This time the fight has a limit of 24 games. November 9 at 13:11 count Garry Kasparov - a chess player whose biography is interesting to his fans - wins a deserved victory and becomes the youngest World Champion. For this moment he is only 22 years old.

Over the next 10 years, two brilliant chess players face in three more bouts. But each of them ends with Kasparov's victory.

The life of the champion

Since gaining the title of world champion in chess, Kasparov has repeatedly confirmed his unique talent. Wins tournaments, defeats the brilliant chess players.

At the same time, Kasparov stands for the opening of the Professional Chess Organization (PCA), which spends a number of matches and tournaments.

In 1993, the chess genius leaves FIDE(International Chess Organization) and was almost deprived of all titles, ranks and places in the world ranking. But some time later justice triumphs, and the title returns to the rightful owner.

At this time, Harry Kimovich is actively engaged insocial activities. He opens schools for young talents, in all ways supports the development of chess in various countries. Photo Kasparov-chess player is recognized throughout the world.

The battle of man and computer

In 1996, the creators of computer technologyThey challenge the champion and he takes it without hesitation. Based on curiosity and interest, a brilliant chess player enters into a fight with the machine. The first match leaves a victory for the man, although Kasparov loses one game. And in May 1997 during the second match Kasparov is defeated and the winner of the fight is the computer.

After losing two more times, the grandmaster enters a chess battle with the machine. Both times the result is a draw.

Years later, Kasparov's interest in computer technology has not faded and several interesting chess programs have been released on his behalf.

Political career

Despite the enormous employment in the development of sports career, constant training, traveling, Kasparov insanely attracts politics.

After the devastating actions in Baku in 1990The champion moves to Moscow with his family and is involved in the political actions of the country. The chess player stands for the introduction of democracy and promotes the Democratic Party.

At the moment, the political career of the well-knownchess player is in full swing. A participant in electoral campaigns, an activist in the creation of parties - a brilliant chess player no longer thinks of life without politics, the main direction of which is still democracy.

Leaving the sports career

The autumn of 2000 becomes to some extent a milestone in the life of the grandmaster.
In the framework of the next tournament to identify the leader inan ancient game, Vladimir Kramnik is more fortunate and defeats the great chess player. Kasparov ceases to be the world champion, but only officially.

After losing, Harry Kimovich, beinga multi-faceted personality, is not particularly sad, and still for 5 years continues to take part in all sorts of chess tournaments and championships. Naturally, winning numerous victories.

On March 10, 2005, he suddenly announcedintention to end his career as a chess player. It is from this moment on, the main direction of his activity is politics, into which Kasparov plunges.

Literary Activity

At the beginning of the move to the chess Olympus, Kasparov often wrote articles that were published in various publications.
In addition, he wrote several books on the conduct of chess games and their endings.

In 1987, the book published an autobiography"Child of change." The book was published in English and was written not by one's own hand, but by dictation to a local journalist. After that, Kasparov releases several more books, devoting them to the beloved ancient game.

Personal life

The heart life of a famous chess player is as diverse as the directions of his activity in the external world.

In 1986 there is an acquaintance with MaryArapova. Young and lovers enter into an official union two years later, and three more in the family there is a replenishment. And a wonderful daughter is born - Pauline. But the domestic problems, the conflicts of his beloved wife with no less expensive mother lead to the collapse of the family, and in 1993 the couple make out a divorce. After a while, the ex-wife and daughter Polina leave the country and are currently living in the US.

Three years later chess player Garry Kasparov,whose biography is described in the article, begins to experience feelings for a young student and concludes an official marriage with her. Kasparov has a son. But this marriage does not bring happiness and ends with a divorce in 2005. After that, Kasparov marries St. Petersburg Daria Tarasova. In marriage, two children are born: the son of Nicholas and the daughter of Hades.

At the moment the name of chess player KasparovIt is known all over the world. Harry Kimovich remains an unsurpassed master of chess art, which went down in history. He has several Oscars and many awards. A man who, with the unshakable tenacity inherent in his strong character, defends his opinion in the world. A person about whom and after the end of the life path will speak and compose legends.