Cowberry: planting and care, cultivation
Cowberry, a planting and care for which is notrequire special efforts - a favorite berry, which gives a colorful taste to Russian national dishes. Known from time immemorial, it grows on huge areas, especially massively occurring in the taiga and forest-steppe zones, and yields yield only on cranberries. Its name is a perennial plant, which is a low evergreen shrub with fleshy succulent leaves, received from the word "brusvyany", which means "red".
Cowberry in the garden: features of growing
Cultivation of garden cranberries is gaining more and morepopularity both in the household and at the industrial level. The plantation plantation requires minimal investment, and the return is expected to be high and in the shortest possible time. Especially since the excised repair classes fully stipulate the production of high yields (from 1 sq. M - 1 kg) and, accordingly, high profit.
At home, growing lingonberries, plantingcranberries, the features of care are minimized, the main thing is to provide the plant with a comfortable growing place; The most optimal are well-lit areas that are not subject to regular flooding. It is necessary to avoid depressions, because they accumulate moisture and stagnation of cold air.
Blueberries and lingonberries: planting and care
The soil for planting these shrubs should belight, sandy loam or peat, with an increased level of acidity. And plant the plant can be on any, even the most unsuitable for planting a site, pouring a 30-centimeter layer of sand with added peat and sawdust. Planting of cowberry saplings and caring for plants is carried out mainly in spring (April-May) or in autumn. The saplings are buried in the soil by about 2 cm. It is desirable to plant a cowberry at a distance of 30 cm from each other in a row with a width of between rows of 40 cm. This is convenient both for manual and mechanized harvesting of berries. The main thing is to prepare quality planting material, and planting cranberries will not cause much trouble. The principle of planting bilberries and blueberries is the same. On beds and beds you can plant shrubs after 20 cm for the full connection of their crowns. After that, the site needs to be watered for sealing and covered with a layer of about 5 cm.
Mulching is a factor of a good harvest
As mulch it is recommended to usesawdust, needles, straw, wood bark or shavings. In the first two weeks, the plant should be watered regularly, then watered as needed. Top dressing starts from the second year after planting. Mineral fertilizers can be made during the period of fruiting cranberries. Organics do not contribute.
Reproduction and watering of cranberries
Reproduction of cowberry can be produced by seedsor by cuttings obtained by separating a part of the terrestrial shoots from the roots of the mother plant. The seedlings can be harvested from spring to autumn.
Cowberry, planting and caring forare easy enough, negatively tolerates both stagnant water in the area and drought, so with watering the plant should be fairly accurate. The most optimal is drip irrigation or small-drop irrigation, recommended twice a week. The water flow per square meter should not exceed 10 liters.
For optimum moisture retention, soil is requiredperiodically underfloor and mulch. It is necessary to get rid of weeds; therefore, to prevent contamination of the site, it is initially required to provide the plant with mulch or modern covering materials. Also effective from an aesthetic and ecological point of view is the chips of coniferous species.
Cowberry: protection against winds
Cowberry, planting and caring forprovide a gardener aesthetic pleasure, does not like winds, so protection should be carefully thought through; most optimally it provides planting of pine and juniper.
Planting and leaving of cranberries are directed tomaximum harvesting, and since the bushes tend to thicken, periodically the plants need to be thinned out. At 7-10 years of age, the plant is required to be cut off; It is necessary for the rejuvenation of the bush, maintaining the quality of berries and their fruiting. Cuttings obtained as a result of pruning are an excellent material for the reproduction and expansion of landing areas.
Winter hardy qualities of cowberry
Cowberry, a planting and care for which is notrequire material costs, has excellent winter hardiness, does not require shelter for the winter; In the cold period, under the thickness of the snow, you can find dark green, shiny leaves of the plant. The flower buds can be negatively affected by temperatures below -4 ° C.
With proper crop care, one should expectsecond year. Ripening of fruits takes place in August-September, depending on the terrain and variety. The harvested crop can be dried, moistened, frozen, made with fruit and jam.
Cowberry - pledge of excellent health
For cowberry health, cultivation, planting, carefor which they deliver only pleasure - it's just a godsend! In this pretty small plant, everything is useful: bright red berries (accumulating a huge amount of useful microelements and vitamins), as well as shoots and leaves, which are an excellent basis for a useful curative decoction.
Leaves of cowberry have a powerful antiseptic,wound healing, diuretic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and tonic. This is an excellent tool for the treatment of viral diseases. Decoctions and infusions are recommended to apply to rinse throat and mouth, which is very effective in treating many infections, especially staphylococcal. It is also an excellent means of reducing the concentration of sugar in the blood, which is very useful for people with diabetes. It is a valuable source of protein for people on the diet.
Leaf collection for medicinal broth
Leaves cranberries for the preparation of medicinalthe broth should be collected early in the spring, before the flowering begins, and it is required to take only survived the winter, because young leaves will dry up during drying. Secondary raw materials can be harvested in the autumn period, after the flowering of the cowberry. Leaflets from the bush should be plucked neatly, without breaking off the shoots, in order to avoid injury to the bush. Repeated collection of leaves is allowed after 5-10 years, after complete regeneration of the plant. Before drying, it is necessary to select unsuitable leaves: traumatized and blackened. The fabric for drying needs to be spread in a warm dark place, the leaves are spread out in a thin layer.
Useful qualities of cowberries
Basically, cranberries are used asdiuretic and is used to treat kidneys (if they have stones) and the bladder (with urinary incontinence, especially in children). Also, this acidic berry helps to get rid of gout, rheumatism and diarrhea; has the ability to lower blood sugar.
The juice of ripe cranberries, as well as the fruits themselves,It is useful at high arterial pressure and beriberi. With catarrhal diseases and feverish conditions of berries, plants make healing calming tea. The bitterness in this priceless berry causes an increase in appetite, so for children and people weakened by the disease is an indispensable ingredient.
Planting and care of cranberries are often produced fortherapeutic purposes, because this berry is an excellent antiseptic that does not allow infection in the genitourinary system and protects the intestines and stomach from poor-quality food. A long daily intake of broths or tea from berries and leaves completely cures the infection of the urinary tract. Cowberry is used in the treatment of various diseases. Also, the plant has a good antipyretic effect.
Cowberry in cooking
Despite the fact that the berries of lingonberries aresour for taste, jams and jams are simply magnificent. By the way, cowberry jam is a sweet medicine for prostatitis, and tincture cooked on cowberry will help with hypertension, fever and chronic gastritis.
The food is used for berries in both fresh andwet form. Due to the content of benzoic acid, berries can be stored for a long period, about 2-3 weeks. For a long time to preserve the valuable qualities of berries, as well as their natural wax coating can be by soaking in water or low-temperature freezing.
In cooking, the meat is often served with cowberry sauce,because it helps to maximize the assimilation of dishes from it, reducing energy consumption for digestion. And in the olden days, fresh meat was often stored in cranberries.
Decoction for the kidneys and liver.
60 g of leaves for 3 cups of water - boil 10 minutes in enameled dishes. After cooling, strain and drink for a day in 3 divided doses.
There are several varieties of cowberry, which are popular, giving excellent yields and having large berries. In general, varieties differ in height, decorativeness, size of berries and yield.
Varieties of berries
"Ruby"
This type of cowberries is characterized by berriesdark red color, having a sweet and sour taste and weighing about 220 mg. Leaves are leathery, with a smooth surface. Flowers of medium size, white. The grade can withstand temperatures as low as -300 With, in the spring period can withstand frosts up to -300 C. The maturation period of berries is late.
"Coral"
High-yielding decorative variety, which came fromHolland. The bush has a spherical compact shape and reaches a height of 30 cm. The average weight of the fruit is about 300 mg. Harvest yields 2 times a year, from one plant you can get up to 120 g of harvest.
Red Perl
This variety reaches a height of 25 cm, is characterized by round-shaped berries, which have a dark red color. Fruits 2 times a year, is bred in Holland.
Mazovia
Low-grown variety, the height of the bush is 20 cm, the berries are dark red, the yield is high.
"Kostroma pink"
Shrubs up to 15 cm tall, berries are pink, about 1 cm in diameter, ripen in mid-August.
Sanna
The variety is bred in Sweden. The mass of the fruit reaches 400 mg; yield from the bush is up to 300 g.
Lingonberry - a delicious berry, characterized byuseful properties and excellent yields of fragrant sweet and sour berries. In any case, growing lingonberries is an interesting activity that brings a lot of pleasure and delivers aesthetic pleasure.
