Filling roads. Technology of road construction

Road surfaces, performed according to the standardstructures must comply with a wide range of requirements. The coating should be strong, durable and be characterized by optimal insulation of the upper layers. However, it is not at all sites that it makes sense to equip multilayered canvases. More affordable and optimal in performance is the filling of roads with a special filler. Correctly selected fraction will allow to operate the formed basis for a long time without the need for regular repairs.

Material for backfilling

The basis for the bulk material is usuallyloose remains of old road surfaces - for example, particles of concrete, asphalt and even soil. Practice is also the use of sand with rubble, but such options are more expensive. On the totality of performance, it is more appropriate to use asphalt crumb. Such a filling of roads with the addition in the form of a binding bitumen after compaction provides a moisture-proof and strong base. The reliability of the coating is determined by the high density, but on condition that a high-quality plasticizer was used, and special tamping was performed.

To the advantages of asphalt filler, you canattributed and resistance to climatic influences. Frost and rainfall are not terrible for such a basis. This, by the way, is the main difference from traditional road components. So, the piling of road rubble in practice can be blurred by rain. This applies to sandy bases, which, without the proper bitumen ligament, serve only for short periods. However, there are also shortcomings in asphalt piles. Under the influence of sunlight, it is possible to melt the plasticizer and, as a result, soften the fabric.

Technology of filling the road

At once it is necessary to note, that application of severalmaterials in one dump are not allowed, except in special cases provided by the project. Directly the work is done from the edges of the base to the middle layerwise. In this case, it is necessary to cover the entire width of the exploited part, including the sloping parts with soil. Secondary and additional dumping is not allowed because of its inefficiency. All subsequent inclusions will be washed away during use. However, in some cases, the excavation of roads provides for the possibility of expansion. After the completion of the work, the excess soil and filler is removed from the canvas. It does not have to be exported - if necessary, it is possible to arrange filling to the sides and congresses.

Compaction of backfill

This part has on the formation of qualitycharacteristics of the coating more impact than the primary application of asphalt crumb or crushed stone. Before compaction, each layer is leveled according to the value of the longitudinal slope. Then you can start rolling the canvas with a special technique across the entire width of the road. In some areas in confined conditions, a dot seal should be performed. To ensure that the roadway is solid throughout the horizontal, problem areas are manually rammed using vibro-impact actions. At the same time, it is not possible to use tamping plates in the areas where engineering communications are laid.

In the case of loose fillers forIt is recommended that the roadway be sealed with latticed or cam rollers. This technique is used in the first stage, it is also possible to use machines on pneumatic tires, in which incomplete ballast loading - by 10-15 tons. At the final stage of compaction, the filling of roads is rammed by pneumatic tires, the mass of which reaches 25 tons.

Restoring roads by sprinkling

If the device full cloths otsypkoy more oftenis carried out by asphalt crumb, in case of repair of typical road constructions it is still recommended to use crushed stone. With the major restoration measures, a complete change of layers is made. Filling takes only a separate part in such work when creating a preparatory layer. The road surface is crumbled in several layers. The first is a coarse fraction, after which it is replaced by a fine-grained coating. This is just the case when the backfilling can go in combination with asphalt concrete, acting as an auxiliary technological layer. If the area of ​​the deformed section does not exceed 25 m2 on the road, then it is recommended to perform a standard patch repair instead of the backfilling.

In what cases is the application applied?

In a conventional embodiment,Areas that do not even experience average loads from transport. In particular, the practice of creating such paintings on the access roads outside the city. Also with the help of this technology a wide range of reconstruction works is carried out. In itself, the backfill is an essential layer in typical structures, so in areas where high demands are not placed on the upper layer, leave the road surface in the form of compacted asphalt crumbs. With regard to the use of the material as a technological component, the crushed stone, for example, can act as an effective drainage layer.

Conclusion

As technology develops, the quality ofroad surfaces. The use of modern technology, binding additives in solutions and effective styling principles allows the formation of durable road structures. But, high quality is achieved due to the appropriate price, while in some cases the laying of a full-fledged coating does not justify itself. It is in such situations that it is advisable to use a roadbed formed by sprinkling. The main advantage of this technology is its availability, as well as low price. This is a secondary material, which, in essence, is a recycled asphalt from old coatings - accordingly, it can be obtained with little or no investment. It remains only to fill and tamp the weight of the canvas in accordance with the requirements for a particular site.