The plant is determinant. Determinant tomatoes - what is it?

Delicious tomatoes from their beds, withouttreatment of harmful pesticides - well, is not it a dream? If you decide to engage in the cultivation of healthy vegetables, you should learn about the subtleties of Solanaceous cultivation in order to get a really rich harvest. It is not enough to buy seeds or seedlings, you need to understand which varieties are right for your climatic zone. If you plan to cultivate tomatoes in the open ground, the plant will be deterministic, it is low and begins to yield early. What is the difference between different varieties? We'll figure out.

Indeterminant tomato varieties

We are all used to the fact that tomatoes grow onsmall bushes, which immediately fade after they give us their fruits. Many do not even suspect that there is a sort of solanaceous plants that can bear fruit and grow for almost 12 months! Yes, you heard correctly! A real "evergreen" bush that can reach several meters in height and throw up to 50 brushes with fruits is an indeterminate plant. That is, one that is not limited in growth. However, there are subtleties in the cultivation of such giants. It is necessary to conduct their pasynkovanie - remove the new leaves that appear between the stem and the main sheet. If this is not done, the plant will not be able to fully form the main stem, it will lose its strength to maintain life in the stepchildren. In addition, untimely removal of excess vegetation will not allow the bush to yield a good harvest.

Care for tall tomatoes

If you live in the southern regions, you are finesuch a variety is suitable, because it can be cultivated both in greenhouses and on the open ground. A long warm summer allows you to get excellent harvests. But the inhabitants of the northern regions have only to dream of such a variety: they just will not have time to ripen, because the vegetation period is quite long.

Since indeterminate plants reach a high altitude, they need to be tied up so that the main stem does not break and has sustained the load of ripe tomatoes.

Determinant varieties

What does the determinant grade mean? Such kinds of tomatoes are more familiar to us - low and low tomatoes, which can be grown both in greenhouses and in open ground. The determinant plant differs from its tall counterparts by the growth mechanism - after the fruit is set, it stops. The stem begins to nourish the fruit. Flowering begins after 8-12 of this leaf, the inflorescence brushes are laid, as a rule, every 2-3 leaves. If indeterminate varieties are able to grow and throw up to 50 flower brushes, then low-growing tomatoes form only 4-5 branches.

Care for stunted crops

To get a good harvest, you need to know how to properly care for seedlings and an adult plant. Consider the main activities:

Pasynkovanie. Be sure to do this procedure: removing unnecessary useless shoots will help to form the correct stem. If you do not want to tear off the leaves, keep in mind that you risk growing a bush overloaded with small and unripe fruits, which will grow very slowly.
Garter. Despite the fact that the determinant variety does not reach a high altitude, tying the bushes is still necessary. Such an exercise will ensure greater stability of the stem: tomatoes will not touch the ground and deteriorate.

Such varieties are perfect for many regions - the vegetation period is short, and they manage to mature even in the northern regions of our country. They can be cultivated in open fields and in greenhouses.

Varieties of determinant varieties

Small Solanaceae are classified bythe size of the stem and the maturation period. For example, ordinary varieties begin to bear fruit about 90-95 days after sowing seeds or on 40-50 days after planting seedlings in the ground. But if you dream of getting the first fruits before everyone else, you will need super-determinant varieties of tomatoes. They generally do not require special care (pasynkovaniya and tying), and try a useful vegetable can be already in 80-85 days after planting seeds or 30-35 days after planting seedlings.

Do not want to tie your plants and dothinning leaves? Prefer tomato sticks. This determinant plant has a very small height and a strong, stable stem. Fruit they early enough and amicably, do not require special care. The first flower brush appears after approximately 4-6 basic leaves, each subsequent inflorescence is ejected through 2 leaves.

The golden mean can be calledsemideterminant varieties. They do not have a clear restriction on growth, they develop and grow after tying fruit and throw out new inflorescences. The problem is that this kind of plant can be very abruptly terminated, that is, stopping in growth. Agronomies recommend the formation of two stems in the plant, if necessary tie up, so that the fruits do not rot from contact with the ground.

We grow seedlings correctly

Low-fat tomatoes, as a rule, do not sowimmediately into the ground; it is necessary to grow seedlings, otherwise the plant will not have time to give its fruits. Planting of seeds is best done in the 1st or 2nd decade of March, at which time the light day increases, and the plant begins to grow intensively. The first brushes will appear in the last decade of April or early May. If you live in the southern regions, the seeding time can be shifted to an earlier time (mid-February), but they will have to be artificially illuminated with a lamp.

Note that the plant must be hardened toit is better adapted to the environment. As soon as the first shoots appear, lower the temperature in the room. Such an event will not only harden the tomatoes, but also will not allow the seedlings to stretch out and weaken the stems. Make sure that the air temperature is around +16 ^aboutC: Ventilate the room, open the windows. And if you are engaged in growing shoots in an apartment, you can take them out the whole daylight hours on the balcony. When growing seeds immediately in the ground with good, warm weather, release them from the warming film.

First feeding

The determinant plant needs to be fedin the period of seedling formation. On day 20, tomato shoots sharply increase the growth rate, so it is necessary to "support" them with the help of fertilizing. Special integrated products for vegetables are suitable for these purposes.

Watering shoots is necessary regularly, checking the moisture of the soil; You can not use a lot of water, otherwise the roots will rot. You can plant shoots as early as 50-60 days after the emergence of tomatoes.

If you buy seedlings on the market,be sure to pay attention to its appearance: a healthy plant should be dark green, have a strong stem, do not have any stains and signs of rotting or other lesions. It is not necessary to buy tomatoes that have already formed inflorescences, for such a plant is worse sucked and fruited.

Landing in the ground

Agronomists insist that special attention should be paid to planting seedlings - the shoots of a young plant are especially sensitive to frost. As soon as the temperature is set at +10 ^aboutWith, it is possible to plant determinant tomatoes. What is it, and how to do it right? Fertile fluffy soil is suitable for tomatoes. Prepare holes (not very deep), put in them any organic preparation. The soil is watered abundantly with water, leave the moisture to soak for 2-3 minutes, and put the sprout in the ground. A prerequisite: on the roots of seedlings there must be land (clods). Tomatoes, in which the roots are cleaned, do not take root well and are ill for a long time.

Take care not to damage the root part, dig in very carefully and thoroughly ground around the plant.

The determinative plant is best planted in rows, always observing the distance between the bushes in 40-50 cm between the rows it is recommended to leave a space of 60-80 cm.

Remember that Solanaceous cultures can not be planted in the same place every year, the interval should be at least 4 years, otherwise a good harvest should not be expected.

Proper care of the plant

How to properly care for the plant to grow determinant tomatoes? What is it and what activities should be carried out? We specify:

Pasynkovanie and tying of bushes - an indispensable condition for both stunted and indeterminate varieties.
Watering. Tomatoes require a rare, but abundant watering. It should be carried out in the evening, when there is no direct sunlight. Please note that the sprinkler in the watering can not be useful to you. Pour water directly under the root. Droplets of moisture when hit on sheets can cause disease of blight.
Loosening the soil. Make sure that the ground around the root system is loose. Such an event will allow the bushes to "breathe" and grow better.
If the plant is very stretched, bite it around the stem so that it becomes more stable and does not break.

Best grades

What kind of tomatoes to choose to get the best harvest? Here is a description of varieties of tomatoes, and you decide for yourself what will suit you. So, the determinant varieties of tomatoes:

The variety of "oak" is a delicious, fleshy, dense fruit with a bright red color. It early ripens and is resistant to late blight. The taste is pleasant, sweet and sour.
Tomato "Yamal" - excellent taste. The shape is planar. At the same time these tomatoes are perfectly preserved and early ripen.
Tomato "honey cream" - the plant is determinant,fruits have a pronounced plum form. In addition to high taste qualities, fruits are excellent for preservation. Early ripen and long lasting.
Grotto variety is an ultra-ripening tomato, has an excellent taste and a rounded shape. The fruit is small, only about 50-80.

And how to recognize these varieties of tomato? The photos that you can see in the article will help you understand how the described tomatoes look, reaching ripeness.

Semiderminal varieties

But the best representatives of this group are:

Tomato "openwork" - early ripening variety, which has a mass of 200 to 250 grams. Bright red color, the fruits do not crack, have a dense fleshy texture.
Tomato "valentine" - red-orange fleshy fruit, very tasty with a pronounced sweetish hue.
Variety "crimson" - bright crimson tomatoes, fleshy and rounded, well preserved.
Tomato "la-la-fa" is a medium-ripened variety, fruits have a flat-round shape with pronounced lobules on the surface. Excellent taste, tomato does not crack and is well preserved.

Tall tomatoes

If you decide to grow tomatoes that perfectly fructify and reach a height of several meters, choose indeterminate plants. Description of varieties of tomatoes:

Tomato "Altai orange" - the fruit is flattened, has a bright orange color. Delicious fleshy tomato is suitable for both storage and canning.
Variety "Korneevsky pink" - very tasty dense tomato, great for salads, has a bright pink or crimson tint. The fruits are very large, reaching a weight of 500 g.
Grade "bovine heart" - dense pink tomato, with a soft texture, large fruits, cone-shaped. Excellent taste.
Tomato de Barao (red, yellow, orange) is an excellent variety that is suitable for both salads and canning. The texture is dense, sugary, ripening early and long stored.
Tomato "black prince" - bright raspberry fruit round-shaped, large and very sweet.

Whatever type of tomatoes you choose, remember: you must carefully care for the plant to get a good harvest.