Digging potato for motoblock: description

Owners of land are not hearsay,that the cultivation of soil by hands is a hard and monotonous occupation. Dig up beds, plant seeds or seedlings, and after harvesting - heavy physical labor, time-consuming. And harvesting potatoes is not a matter of one day. Today, there are many different devices for automating the processing of land.

Motoblock application

The first uniaxial constructions on two wheels formanual plowing of land appeared in Europe more than 100 years ago. Widespread distribution of the mini tractor was in the postwar years. Today, few households do without a light and simple mechanical assistant. Motoblock helps to perform many operations. This is plowing the land, loosening and harrowing the upper soil layers, hilling and fertilizing the beds, harvesting.

For each operation, the motor block is joineda suitable attachment, which can be purchased at the store or made independently. Since harvesting potatoes is the most time-consuming and physically difficult process, potato diggers are very popular for the motoblock. Among the devices used there are potato-diggers both of factory production and self-made.

Using potato diggers for a motoblock

By construction, all models are similar to each other,The designs differ only in the fastening system to the motor block and the names from the manufacturers. The principle of the potato digger for the motoblock is that, when immersed in the soil, the digger lifts the potato tubers and spreads them over the ground. After that, harvest without much effort is collected from the surface. In order not to damage the potatoes, the diggers are attached to the motor block at the back. Small, light and easy-to-manage potato diggers are used in small suburban areas and in farms where the use of tractors is inconvenient or impractical.

Manufacturers of some models of motor blocksproduce universal attachments of potato diggers. For motoblocks "Neva", "Salute", MTZ, "Favorit" and some others, the same devices are suitable. All models of potato-digger produced today are divided into three groups: simple lancet, vibrating and transporter.

Arrow-type potato digger

Arched or stationary hingedthe attachments are fixed motionless on the motor block and resemble a simple bayonet shovel with a metal comb of 5-8 rods instead of a handle. The sharp working part of the digger is guided along the motion of the motor block and at an angle to the soil surface.

Heart-shaped "scapula" plunges to a depth of 5-7cm below the planting of potatoes, and the motoblock starts. The tubers are pushed out of the ground, the earth wakes up through the comb, and the potatoes are on the surface. The size of the boom is different for different models. Depending on the type of soil, light or heavy, a wide boom or short and narrow is chosen.

Potato harvester of a kind

Vibration trailers have a more complexThe construction is made of a rigid frame with a bottom of metal rods and an inclined transverse share on its own wheel pair. A wide through bucket in front of the digger grabs a layer of soil with potatoes. In the process of movement, the tubers move on to the grate, the ground is shaken off and the clean potatoes crumble behind the "rumble". More complex devices have a transmission linkage to the motor block motor, which drives the wheel with the flywheel. The flywheel levers, connected with the bars of the grate, periodically shake the "roar", clearing the potted tubers from the ground.

Conveyor diggers

Today appeared for motoblocks transporterpotato diggers. Traditionally, more complex and heavy conveyor pendants that capture 2 potato rows are used with mini tractors. For potatoes, potato diggers are made in single row. Constructions similar in structure to vibrational models push the tubers to the rear along a conveyor grid fixed by chains between two rotating shafts. In addition, the conveyor can be equipped with flexible, for example rubber, aprons or a cleaning drum made of reinforcing bars to clean the potatoes from the adhered ground.

Digging potatoes for a motoblock under a power take-off shaft

A mechanism that transfers part of the energy of the enginemotoblock flywheel vibration or conveyor digger, called the power take-off shaft. Thanks to this part, compact and light motor blocks are able to perform the work of expensive and slow tractors, greatly facilitating the time-consuming process of cultivating the land. The modern market offers more than 600 models from domestic and foreign manufacturers.

Hardy and multifunctional motoblocks are divided into 3 groups:

1. Lungs Are intended for processing of soft soil on a site to 30 hundred parts.
2. Medium will cope with work on an area of ​​up to 1 hectare.
3. Heavy, equipped with a powerful engine and gearbox, handle hard soil on a plot of up to 4 hectares.

The power take-off shaft is completed with medium andheavy models. Taking into account the peculiarities of the harvesting process, the PTO is usually installed in front of the potato digger. For "Kipor" motoblocks of Chinese production, high quality and long service life are characteristic, as well as a wide range of attachments.

Due to maneuverability and light weight, the PTO tractors are easy to operate, economically fuel efficient, low-noise and do not require any special management skills.

Self-made lancet potato digger

To make an elementary potato diggeryou can, with the skills of working with metal, from the unnecessary parts of the old cultivator, the metal corner, trimmed forks and other parts. The design of a simple lancet digger consists of several elements:

• A bipod is suitable from a cultivator or can be made from a piece of a round pipe.
• Planck - a metal corner of 5 cm by 5 cm.
• Tip - a shorter bayonet shovel or paw from the cultivator.
• Teeth - cut off forks or bars of reinforcement.

Parts welded according to the scheme in a single unit form the simplest potato digger.

How to make a roar by yourself

It's a little more difficult to make a digging of a potato for a vibrating-type motobloc with your own hands. The diagram can be drawn independently taking into account its own sizes.

Experienced it is calculated that a convenient widththe construction is 35-40 cm, the length is 60-70 cm. The height does not matter in principle, besides it depends on the size of the wheel pair, on which the potato digger will stand. For any type of soil, wide wheels with deep tractor tread are recommended. The assembly process takes place in several stages:

1. Manufacturing of frame. For the chosen size, a square or rectangular frame is welded from metal corners, channel bars, square or round tubes.
2. Jumper is made of the same material as the frame.
3. Racks (3 pairs are recommended) are welded verticallydown and must have different lengths: the first is long (for example 50 cm), the middle one is 10 cm shorter, and the last one is shorter than the first by 20 cm. The first post joins the channel or the corner with the frame in such a way that a triangle is obtained. The lower ends of the pillars are interconnected by crossbeams (armature, corner, channel).
4. Lehmeh, made of an old plow, two sharp metal plates or a strip of sheet metal, is welded to the triangles.
5. Bars of reinforcement are fixed by welding only from the side of the share with an interval of 3-4 cm. To prevent the potatoes from falling out in different directions, the side walls can be covered with sheet metal or with rods of the armature.
6. Wheels fastened to the middle stand by bolts or by welding.

Homemade potato digger is durable, inexpensive and durable.