Rocket furnace: drawings. Rocket stove with own hands
A missile, or reactive furnace, isA heating and cooking appliance using wood products as fuel. The popularity of such equipment is determined by several factors. One of the most important is the simplicity of manufacture and small investments. In addition, the rocket furnace is in demand because of its optimal technical characteristics, but we'll talk about this a little later.
Several interesting features
A reactive furnace appeared long ago. During this time there was a huge amount of myths about such equipment. The most interesting is that the rocket furnace uses the same principle of operation as in the jet engine of the MIG-25. Someone even said that such heating equipment works on reverse reactive thrust, but this is not so.
All these myths and fictions are connected, rather, withname, rather than with the principle of the device. But rocket-type furnaces were named so only because, with an incorrect furnace, they make a whistling sound, similar to the one that a rocket emits when flying. If the oven was folded correctly, it will work quietly, with a slight rustle. It can be done quickly though, but not always as easy as we would like. That is why before you start assembling, you need to learn more about the principle of operation, characteristics, consider a couple of schemes and drawings.
Long-burning rocket furnace
The main requirement for reactivefurnaces, and to any other devices of long burning, high heat emission. Moreover, it is desirable that the fuel can be loaded without stopping the combustion process. If such heating equipment will burn for 6-7 hours without "refueling", then it can be safely called suitable.
In general, any long-range rocket furnacebased on the afterburning of pyrolysis gases. As is known, pyrolysis is the process of decomposition of solid fuel into volatile gases, which takes place in conditions of insufficient oxygen in the furnace, which slows down the combustion process and causes fuel to smolder. All this allows a relatively small amount of wood fuel for a long time to heat the room.
Operating principle
Virtually all furnaces of this type havevertical loading. The fuel, which got into the furnace, burns, and gradually settles down. The bulk of oxygen comes through the ashtray, which leads to an excess of air, which should be enough for afterburning. But its quantity is recommended to be limited, since cold streams can cool the heated mixture.
If the load is vertical, then the mainThe regulator is a flame that displaces the air. Usually, to maintain the pyrolysis process, that is, to keep the temperature at a proper level, there is a flame tube. The longer it is, the better the traction. But along the whole length of the pipe we have a significant temperature difference.
A fairly important point is the heat transferafter the firebox. For a more effective heat release, a small amount (within 5-10%) is taken outside. So the room heats up faster, and it becomes possible to reduce the heat loss of the riser (battery). Almost all rocket ovens are made with their own hands in such a way that the riser is covered with a thin layer of metal that will retain heat. We continue to consider the device.
Rocket stove with own hands: drawings
In order for the heating equipment to work as efficiently as possible, during the assembly it is necessary to follow the drawings. You can find them in this article and use it for assembly.
Let's talk about how to createmini-rocket furnace. It is needed for heating and cooking in the warm season. It is heated to 400 degrees Celsius. In this case, the oven must be portable. The furnace can be made open. The main structural difference from the classical reactive furnace is that the furnace is made with a combined ash blower. As a result, the volumes of incoming secondary air are reduced, therefore, oxygen can not cool the pyrolysis gas.
The made hole in the hopper cover allows you to adjust the temperature, however, not very accurately, but cooking is quite enough. Now let's take a closer look at the build process.
The first stage of assembly
To begin with, we need a conventional channel kneein a good condition. Its dimensions can be different. It all depends on how big the oven you want to get. Two pipes (usually a diameter of 150 mm) are welded at an angle of not more than 90 degrees. As a result, we will get a furnace with a branch pipe. It should be remembered that the short section of the pipe should be horizontal, and the long one - vertical. Accordingly, the flame from the horizontal branch pipe will be drawn into the vertical channel.
The most primitive in terms of labor intensityThe way to organize the supply of secondary air is that a sheet of metal is fastened to the brackets in the furnace. It turns out that the hearth will separate from the chimney. Passing air will move to the corner of the knee, which is what it was required to achieve. Please note that the rocket furnace, with their own hands (see the drawings in this article), manufactured, should have legs. It is desirable to weld them. On the vertical part of the pipe, you can put a grate to engage in cooking.
The second stage: the manufacture of a rocket launcher
As a basis, we take the construction,received a little earlier. To it you need to add an additional element, resulting in a kind of burzhuyka. We need to make a horizontal channel. The rectangular cross-section of the channel is more preferable, since it allows improving the operational properties of the unit. As for the air duct, it can be made horizontal. The most important thing is that the air should flow through it. The most expedient solution is the installation of a plate with ribs along the bottom wall.
Furnace with vertical heat exchanger
The idea itself is quite simple in execution. It consists that on a way of passage of hot streams the thick-walled steel heat exchanger is mounted. In this case, the construction described above is used, and an additional element is added to it. But here it is desirable to slightly increase the furnace in size and change the vertical pipe to a container for dry heat transfer. It can be an empty gas cylinder, which is ideal. True, it is necessary to make the channel of the chimney coaxial to the horizontal branch pipe (furnace).
The furnace can be manufactured in variousperformances. The most popular ones are the pipe, the box and the furnace body. If the furnace has not too small dimensions, it can act as a primary heat exchanger. Therefore, if you want to achieve long-lasting combustion, say, the one that the Apostle's rocket furnace has, the fuel compartment needs to be expanded. Usually it is made high, about 50-60 cm. Consequently, vertically loaded logs light up from below and completely burn out under their own weight.
Installing the injector
At the post-combustion stage for better flowa separate channel for oxygen supply is installed. For these purposes, it is desirable to use a steel pipe having a diameter of not more than 18 mm, and a curved pipe. One end of the pipe must be damped, drilled in it about five or six holes of small diameter. This side passes through the entire system. The end with drilled holes must reach the flame. The free side is allocated to the environment, where there will be access to air. Heating the metal leads to the formation of thrust in the tube, and oxygen enters for afterburning. In principle, the Gabriel Apostle rocket furnace of this type is very efficient and has a high heat output.
A useful addition
If you have a desire, then at the finalstage you can arrange a turbocharger. For this, an air pump must be connected to the injector. Suitable is an old vacuum cleaner or a powerful compressor. Note that the injector has good throughput.
The system works as follows. When the pump is turned on, an overpressure is generated in it. Proportional increase in power increases the thrust. Gradually the heat exchanger temperature will rise. This is similar to blacksmiths, which have been used since ancient times. Such a rocket furnace on sawdust, wood and other low-grade fuel will work very efficiently. Investments are almost not required, since you can assemble the equipment from improvised tools and materials.
