Automatic multi-level parking. Types of parking
Annually on the roads of the world is added about 25 millionnew cars. Therefore, the issue of parking lots, and especially in large cities, is really very acute. The profitability of the enterprise depends to a large extent on how convenient the parking near a commercial building or shopping center is. The most convenient for car owners is, of course, automatic multi-level parking.
The main varieties
At the moment in the cities can be organized parking:
ground and underground;
planar and multilevel;
capital and prefabricated.
Each of these species in one way or anotherThe case may be most convenient. Land parks are erected when there is enough free space near the shopping center or other commercial facility. Underground facilities of this type are usually equipped with a lack of space in the business building or in a residential building.
Prefabricated parking lots are built most often withneed to save time and start earning profits as quickly as possible from attracting customers or customers. Such facilities are much cheaper than capital, and therefore, they allow you to save at the initial stage of the development of a business.
Automatic and mechanical parking
Classify all existing in the modernworld kinds of parking not only in the place of organization, construction and the way of assembly. Any parking, among other things, can be automatic or mechanical. Of course, the construction and equipping of the objects of the first variety is usually more expensive. However, in operation, automatic parking is actually much more convenient than mechanical parking. The advantages of such objects are really just a huge amount.
On flat parking of this type canequipment such as cash registers for accepting payments and racks-idifiers. Similar elements are used in multi-storey parking lots. However, in this case, the list of equipment includes a few more technically much more complex and expensive devices.
Multi-level parking
Automated parking of this type are considered the most convenient. FROMitself multi-level parking in comparison with planar have a number of advantages. These include the possibility of:
assembling in the most convenient places for clients;
placing a large number of cars in a limited area.
In terms of space savings are especially convenient multi-level underground parking. TSuch structures are usually collected directly under the buildings. Consequently, they do not occupy any useful space on the surface.
By design, multi-level parking lots can be automatic or semi-automatic. The most convenient is, of course, the first kind of parking.
Automatic multi-level parking
In addition to standard equipment - cash registers and systemsidentification, in such parking lots special mechanisms are also used that allow lifting cars to vacant places without the participation of a person. "Filling" of multi-level parking lots includes, among other things, a control computer system and all sorts of scanners and sensors.
Types of automatic multi-storey parking
The following types of parking of this type are classified:
Tower. Such a multi-level parking differs primarily compactness. Pallets with cars in the parking lot of this variety are located around a massive tower. The capacity of such parking lots can be about 70 cars per 50 m2.
Conveyor. Parking lots of this type consist mostly of threeor more levels. Cars on them can move both in a vertical direction, and in horizontal. The most expedient is the construction of conveyor sites in small and medium-sized areas.
Robotic. Such parking lots usually occupy large spaces and differ in the complexity of the construction. As the main equipment they use special robotic conveyors.
Semi-automatic multilevel parking
Parking of this type works a little differently. In this case, inThe auditor himself calls on the pallet. After the engine is muffled, and the driver leaves the facility, the platform with the car Moves, resulting in a space for a new car.
Equipment on parking of this type is used this:
Scanners that determine the weight and dimensions of the machine;
A computer system that looks for free places;
Lifting mechanisms.
Benefits
In addition to increased comfort for drivers, the possibility of saving space and ease of maintenance, multi-level parking, photo towhich are presented on the page, differ also with the following advantages:
reducing the risk of car damage to zero;
beneficial influence on the environment.
The parking is done in this case without participationof people. The work of the mechanisms themselves is verified with great accuracy. And this, in turn, completely eliminates the contact of cars between themselves and with items that are on the parking lot. The engine of cars parked in this manner operates, a minimum amount of time. Consequently, very few harmful substances are released into the atmosphere.
Disadvantages of parking
The main disadvantage of automatic parkingof course, their dependence on energy supply. In the absence of voltage in the network, the installation of cars, as well as their delivery, unfortunately, can be suspended. Which, of course, will cause discontent of motorists.
In order to eliminate the risk of termination of work lifts and platforms at power outages, on such sites Alternative power supplies are usually used. Multi-level parking, plan the construction of which includes, among other things, the installation of such additional equipment, costs the owner of a commercial building, of course, more expensive.
Features of operation
Use multi-storey parkingmotorists, of course, very convenient. The time of delivery of the machine from the automatic parking of this version is on the average 70-90 seconds. In principle, fully-automated parking facilities do not require the presence of personnel at all. However, one - two employees in large parking lots usually always work. They can be contacted in case of any problems.
Construction of multi-level parking lots: features
FROMThe bark of a similar design usually includes several stages:
a project is drawn up;
installed capital or prefabricated supports;
The equipment intended for automation is mounted.
When constructing such facilities as multi-level parking, projects are taken into account primarilystatic and dynamic loads on equipment and structural elements. Also, when designing schemes of such structures, the architectural features and style of the building or the area in which they are to be installed are, of course, taken into account.
Parking Requirements
Of course, when assembling such structures, among other things, certain safety standards are also observed. So, for example, in height multi-level parking can not exceed 26.5 meters. This allows you to equip a maximum of 10-14 tiers of parking. Under the ground, such a structure can go no more than five levels.
To most modern objects, one way or anotherconnected with transport and located within the city, there are certain requirements for noise. Not an exception in this respect is the multi-level parking. "How to build parking so that it does not become an object causing discomfort in the population? "- the answer to this question is also regulated by the regulations. The noise level from automatic multi-storey car parks, according to rules, should not exceed 60 dB at a distance of 2 meters.
Lighting in parking of this type, becausethey are not serviced without the participation of a person, it is usually not provided. However, according to the rules, such facilities must necessarily be equipped with emergency lamps.
Parking in Russia and in the world
The popularity of the parking lot of this speciesreally enjoy just huge. Some automatic multi-level parking lots are truly grandiose. For example, in Germany in 2000 a city was built, named Autostadt. Placed here multilevel parking place is a real car attraction, to look at which the owners of cars from all over the country come.
In Russia, the first automatic parking lot appeared in 2009 in Moscow. It is located near the Ostankino Tower. There are robotic parking lots andSt. Petersburg. They are located in the business center Quattro Corti. Their capacity is 128 cars. There are such parking lots in other cities of Russia, for example, in Yekaterinburg and Irkutsk.
Mini-Modules
The construction of a vertical automated parking lot is expensive. Collect large multi-level parking (a photo on the page, the scale of such facilities demonstrates clearly) of course, only in very largecities close to popular shopping centers, recreation centers, large hotels and elite residential buildings. But to increase the convenience of parking for their customers, if desired, and owners of small commercial objects. All that is needed is to use special rotary mini-modules designed for several cars.
The mechanism of lifting in such parking lots isthere are two contours of roller chains, between which the platforms for machines are suspended. In case of a power outage in such devices, it is possible to manually move cars. These systems are managed by specially trained operators.
Multi-level open parking mobile allow you to install 7-12 cars where previously there were no more than two. Assembly such constructions in this case requires a minimum of effort, financial costs and time.</ span </ p>
