Methods of teaching a preschool child to read at home

It seems difficult to be a parent today, asnever. The society requires more and more children, and in order to meet the priorities of the new time, family people have to work very hard. They need to fully engage in the comprehensive development of their child. This is important to spend enough time and effort, to approach the learning process and scientifically sound, and at the same time childishly playful. Doing a child after the sleeves is like not doing anything at all. After all, in this subtle issue, not only the result itself, but also the learning process, its comfort for the child, the individual interest of the child to the mechanism of play and learning are important.

One of the most important stages in the development of anypreschooler is the formation of the reading skill. Today, there are many techniques that help to teach this child. For example, there is a method of teaching a preschooler to read for 15 lessons. Of course, to believe or not to believe that it is possible to teach him to read in just two weeks effectively and not traumatically for the child's psyche, it's up to you. However, the existence of a multitude of qualitative methods is confirmed by practice. In this article we will look at some of them.

Traditional methods

This method of teaching to dateis still one of the most common. With her help, most of the current adults got the reading skill. Also this method is used now in absolutely all schools - it is universal.

According to this theory, training shouldstep by step: first letters, then syllables, later words, and so on. The realization of the scheme of combining sounds into whole phrases comes to the child gradually, some require more time for this than others.

Also much depends on the literal agechild. A one-year-old is quite capable of memorizing letters, but he can not master the reading skill. For this it is necessary to be able to understand the patterns inherent in this process, to which so little a child is not capable.

It takes patience. Children often forget what they just read. The process is new, and sometimes the child sets the pace of the lessons himself.

The main advantage of this method is its reliability. Regardless of the child's abilities, he will in any case learn to read.

Cubes of Zaitsev

This technique helps to learnreading through the perception of syllables. It actively uses a variety of cubes, as well as colorful tables. According to some reviews, many parents face some difficulties. They are connected with the fact that not everyone can determine how it would be right to use all these manuals for training. Practice has shown that this technique achieves its highest effectiveness only when interacting in a group. Thus, classes using cubes Zaitseva in kindergartens and various development centers will help to get the maximum result for the minimum time.

The Glen Doman Method

The method of teaching readingpreschooler at home implies the skill of perception of the whole word, and not of any of its parts. On the territory of the Russian Federation, this method became known only in the nineties of the last century. The training of preschool children by this method takes place through the use of special benefits for the development of the child (cards) and as often as possible and high-quality communication with the baby.

Advantages of the Doman method:

• Suitable for children of any age, even for the youngest.
• Teaching reading of preschoolers occurs during the game, which allows them to enjoy the attention of their parents and gain new knowledge.
• The system effectively develops memory, provides valuable encyclopedic knowledge.
• Many Nobel Prize winners were brought up using this technique.
• Such instruction in reading preschool children develops them very versatile.

The shortcomings of Glen Doman's methodology

Like any method of teaching a preschooler to reading, Doman's method has its drawbacks. They are as follows:

• A huge number of diversecards to achieve the desired effect. It is extremely difficult and time-consuming in the event that parents decide to make them themselves. Or you can buy a ready-made kit that can be somewhat costly.
• Such cards are the method of teaching a preschooler to readrecommends showing the baby every day and more than once. In this case, the cards that the child has already seen, should be replaced in a timely and correct manner. If this is not done or done irregularly, the effectiveness of the methodology can be significantly reduced. This becomes a problem if the parents are employed full-time and, accordingly, have other responsibilities, and also if the family has several children.
• All children are different. Many people find it difficult to sit in one place for a sufficient amount of time. Some children just do not react to any cards or quickly forget what they learned yesterday. Kids can try to select a demonstration material, chew and spoil it. In such cases, this method of teaching a preschooler does not work.
• In primary school, difficulties can arise in dealing with the teacher. This often happens with children who are not trained in traditional technologies.
• This is perhaps the main drawback. The kid is not an active participant in the process. Only one system of feelings of the child is involved: only the visual. Although the kid gets knowledge, he does not learn to reason and analyze. This method of teaching the reading of a preschool child should be combined with other, more creative ones.

Phased learning

Consecutive education of children requires readingconsiderable time and effort. It would be reasonable to divide it into a number of stages, which will facilitate the process of forming a new skill for the child. We will have to go through the following steps: the process of studying and memorizing individual letters; the development of the ability to read syllables, regardless of their size and complexity; learn to recognize the meaning of individual words; be able to understand the meaning of the text as a whole.

Memorizing letters

At the very beginning, the traditional method of teachingpreschooler reading is based on memorizing letters. To begin with, it is important to learn to distinguish between themselves and to recognize among other designations. The next step is to read them.

Teaching methods for reading a preschool child in the homeconditions recommends to call the child consonant letters as they are pronounced (ie sounds), and not as they are presented in specialized books. This will speed up the perception process and help the kid understand how to use this information in practice.

Teaching children to read at this stage impliesfocus on the new material. To do this, you can hang an image of letters and associated objects in the preschooler's room and throughout the house as a whole. It is also effective to pay attention to familiar signs in names of signs during walks.

Reading syllables of different complexity

This stage fully reflects the methodologyteaching reading a preschooler by Zhukova. It is based on the perception of a single syllable as a minimal unit. This helps to realize and remember the connections that exist between different syllables and how they should be pronounced. At this stage, the baby, as a rule, has many difficulties. In order to help him cope with them, it is necessary to consciously make this level of instruction as clear as possible.

Most preferably, it would be slow andclearly, with the utmost right to pronounce the words and ask the child to repeat everything after you. Then the kid will get used to the correct variant of reading.

Do not in any way accustom a childto say syllables separately or to oneself and only then to unite them into a single whole. Unfortunately, such a habit can be fixed in the mind for a long time, and getting rid of it will be extremely difficult. This is an important nuance of teaching methods for reading preschoolers. Zhukova also focuses on this in her writings.

Understanding the meaning of the read word

This stage is the foundation of learning.synthetic reading. Its base is the assimilation of meaning. This is the basis for teaching teaching preschoolers to read Starzhinskaya. The considered method is extremely effective and even necessary. After all, it is the understanding of the meaning of the read that becomes the key to fluent reading in the future. By the time of the transition to this stage, the child has enough skills to effectively assimilate the meaning of words.

It is important that now everything is read approximately withthe same tempo with which it is pronounced in ordinary daily speech. If this time is too stretched, then it becomes incredibly difficult for a child to guess or feel the meaning.

It is necessary to start slowly, gradually accelerating the pace. Each time it is necessary to clarify with the child, the meaning of which words are unclear to him, what should be explained.

Learning to understand the meaning of the whole text

This step ends the traditional technique.teaching preschoolers. Now it's time to learn to simultaneously understand the meaning of everything that a child reads. This requires a lot of time, so parents should be patient and not demand too much from the baby. Comprehending the content is a long and complicated process.

Sometimes a child is able to absolutely correctlyread each of the words of the sentence, but cannot understand its meaning. This is due to the presence in the phrase of a complex combination, which fully captured all the attention of the child. And sometimes the preschooler is simply not able to hold in his mind all parts of the sentence at the same time to form its meaning. This difficulty can be overcome with the help of repeated re-reading of this text.

Another difficulty is trying to guessvalue of the sentence by the first association. And other children are constantly beginning to miss or replace the letters in words. This is due to the fact that the preschooler perceives some general image of the word, applying it to other similar language units.

Do not force the child to re-read one text over and over again. This forms the wrong associative chain, creating an aggressive-negative attitude of the child to this process.

It is important to carefully work through each stage. From this depends directly on how the child will read in the future and how well to write.

Conclusion

The development of your children is completely in yourhands. Of course, today it’s not so easy to find time to spend quality time with the child, but for parents there should not be anything more important. Therefore, the process of research and the search for a reading technique suitable for your child should be given sufficient time and attention.

Sometimes failures will happen. They are inevitable. It happened with every child, and with you too. This does not mean that your baby is developing worse than others or will never learn to read and understand texts clearly. These failures show only that the wrong choice of method was made, either the parents give insufficient attention to the process, or the classes are irregular, or the essence of the method does not contribute to the concentration of attention of this particular child. In any case, you should not be angry at the baby, his fault in this is absolutely not. Be discreet, patient, friendly. It is important to be with the child at the same time. If you are one team, victory is near.

Many today prefer to choosetraditional teaching methods that combine the methods of Zhukova and Starzhinskaya, and in general imply a gradual development of skills. Such techniques have collected a huge amount of positive feedback, they are simple and reliable. Every child will be able to master reading with their help. Only the time needed for this can differ.

Newer techniques such as Zaitsev andDoman's way will not suit every child, but this in no way detracts from their effectiveness. To implement each of them, you need a certain amount of props, for example, a certain number of cards, blocks, tables. They are used as visual material for better perception of new information. As a rule, such learning methods are positively perceived by children, as the game element is obvious in them. The child does not get tired so quickly and is easily involved in the process. A special effect can be achieved if the training takes place in a group. The successes of others motivate a child much more than a simple personal interest in this process.

It may not be possible to choose a suitable technique the first time. Failures are inevitable. However, do not despair. The well-being of your child deserves all your efforts!