Forest industry

In the modern world, a person has surrounded himself with manymaterial goods and does not stop there. Basically, all this is achieved at the expense of the industry, which includes a wide range of industries. One of the most important is the forest industry. At first glance, it is extremely clear what kind of industry it is, what it consists of, what it produces, and so on. But in fact we are dealing with a very structured, in some cases, a complex mechanism for the common people, having their own principles, established canons of work and many years of practice.
Wood and woodworking industrytakes its roots from those ancient times, when a man invented an ax. Even then, the ancient people noticed the unique properties and the usefulness of the wooden material. With the development of science, man improved techniques and methods of extraction and processing of wood.
What is the forest industry? What is included in this massive complex of modern production? So, we can give the following definition: the forest industry is a branch of the economy, which represents the harvesting and processing (mechanical and chemical) of the tree species. In turn, by mechanical processing we mean sawing, the production of plywood sheets, parts for construction, furniture products, etc., and by chemical processing of wood fiber we mean the implementation of wood chemistry (obtaining pulp and paper products).
The timber industry is subject to extensivestocks of tree species and wide territorial distribution of forests. In addition, the presence of this industry is due to the high demand for materials and manufactured goods that are produced in wood processing plants and factories.
The world's forest industry is large-scale, but notis boundless. The main problem is that the world's forest resources are unevenly distributed. In general, forest reserves can be divided into two belts: northern and southern. In the north, predominantly coniferous and mixed forests, and in the south - tropical and broad-leaved equatorial.
In many countries of North America and Europe, the volume ofthe growth of wood species exceeds the volume of wood harvesting. The potential of the forest resource is increasing. At the same time, in many developing countries, there is a decrease in timber supply, deforestation of territories. Forests are cut down to expand cultivated areas, and wood often goes into use as fuel.
The forest industry is growing. The recognized leaders among exporters of high-quality wood products are the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Canada, and China. Among the most important suppliers of so-called "business" wood are: Brazil, Malaysia, India.
A huge role for the wood processing industryplays in the pulp and paper industry. This production is distinguished by high material consumption and water capacity. In the world practice, the United States of America, Canada, Japan, Sweden, Finland, China, the Russian Federation, Brazil, France and the Federal Republic of Germany are among the world's top producers of pulp products.
Anyway, wood processingthe industry has reached its peak of development and supply of wood to factories and plants. Already, there are alarming signals that the world's timber reserves are inexorably declining and quite rapidly. The restoration of the forest fund occurs, but, unfortunately, at a rate insufficient to fully replenish the losses that occur in the daily harvesting of wood.
The main task of mankind is to preserve at all costs a fine wood fund.