Types of electoral fraud. Electoral roundabout

In many countries of the world, and Russia is not an exception, the facts of electoral fraud are revealed. Technologies for their implementation are very diverse:

• voting under supervision;
• rewriting and substitution of voting protocols;
• voting for people who are no longer alive;
• "Electoral Roundabout" - voting on pre-filled ballots.

There are many other methods. All of them are illegal and, according to the legislation, they are punished up to criminal liability.

Identifying electoral fraud

The reliability of holding elections is always and in allcountries of the world was a big problem. Statements that the elections were falsified often come from candidates who did not obtain the required number of votes. In such cases, in the press and on air, terms such as "selective roundabout" are heard more often. Identify such violations is quite problematic, because it is due to the fact that it is necessary to prove the fact of fraudulent results. For example: when votes are counted, members of the election commission deliberately shift ballots with votes for candidate Sidorov in a pack for Ivanov. The difficulty here arises in order to catch the hand of that member of the commission who did it purposefully. A person who commits a misdemeanor can simply refer to his fatigue. It is also difficult to prove that a person, having received his clean ballot paper before coming to the site, went into the booth and threw in the ballot box previously received and filled. However such facts are revealed, and they have received the name "an elective roundabout". To fix such a case can be simple installation of a surveillance camera in the voters' booth, but again there is no evidence base for why and why a person who participated in the elections got some papers and put the others back into the inner pockets of clothes.

"Electoral roundabout" on voting in 2014

After the March 2014 events, when theconducted a referendum Crimea peninsula withdrew from Ukraine and was included in the Russian Federation, according to the statements of American observers, a so-called "electoral roundabout" was held. Psaki Jen, a spokeswoman for the US State Department, remembered all over the world with her statements about "Western Europe piping gas to Russia," and "the 6th US Navy will come to the shores of Belarus," said at a briefing on "Carousel," but what it is, clearly could not explain. It was after her statements that the term became very popular.

The substitution of voting results without the participation of voters

One of the forms of violations in the conduct of elections is the substitution of results. This happens according to the following schemes:

1. Shuffling the results. In this case, there is a replacement of the number of votes received by one candidate by the votes of another candidate who received them less.
2. The so-called "Solyanka", when countingresults, a certain part of all ballots is replaced. For example, deliberately, from a bale of corrupt forms, ballots are shifted to a pile for the desired candidate. In this case, outside observers should control exactly the process of accounting for forms that are recognized as valid and not accountable.
3. "Sly fingers": in such a way get rid of votes in favor of an unnecessary candidate. It happens, as a rule, in this way: a finger or a hand is bandaged or in other ways a ballpoint pen, a pencil lead, is attached to the hand. All this is done in order to spoil the valid forms for an objectionable candidate, unnoticed from the eyes of other participants in the election commission. They spoil them by applying any dashes, dashes, dashes on the letterhead, thereby translating it into invalid ballots.
4. "Toss": in this case, attach ballot forms for other candidates to the number of votes for the right person.

Falsification of elections by direct participation of voters

This kind of substitution of the results of the selection requires more close attention. As violations occur before the polling station. Such types of fraud include:

1. Bribery of voters before entering the polling station.
2. Organization of voting carousels. This method is one of the most common methods of substituting voting results. "Electoral roundabout" is a method in which the results are falsified by bribing voters. The method operates according to the following scheme: the voter receives a pre-filled ballot, which he puts down in the ballot box, and the empty blank he sends back to the fraudsters.
3. Voting on absentee ballots. Occurs in cases of change of residence permit or permanent place of residence by the voter. This method is legal. However, violations occur precisely with these coupons, which in reality could not have been received by the voter.

Summarizing

There are quite a number of methodsfalsification of elections, and they are used, unfortunately, and to this day in a number of countries. However, each state to protect the choice of citizens apply various tightening in the legislation, which affect, among other things, phenomena such as "selective carousel." What is fraud is unacceptable and should be combated in the most cardinal way, every democratic society declares. Also great priority is given to the development of technologies that help make the electoral process more protected from dishonest citizens who are trying to get election results in favor of their own or others.